| 王亚军,姚新华,唐建,李浩宇,杨大强,郑俊华,周青,谢寅,杨静怡.洞庭山区梨小食心虫发生规律及防治[J].中国果业信息,2024,41(11): |
| 洞庭山区梨小食心虫发生规律及防治 |
| Occurrence regularity and control of Grapholita molestain Dongting mountain area |
| 投稿时间：2024-07-23 修订日期：2024-08-17 |
| DOI：10.13938/j.issn.1007-1431.X20240383 |
| 中文关键词: 梨小食心虫;枇杷;梨;桃;红叶石楠;洞庭山区 |
| 英文关键词:Grapholita molesta; Loquat; Pear; Peach; Red leaf Photinia; Dongting mountain area |
| 基金项目:江苏现代农业(特色果树)产业技术体系吴中推广示范基地[JATS(2023)116]资助。 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 盛产枇杷、杨梅、柑橘、梅、板栗、银杏、枣等果品的苏州市东、西洞庭山区,近10多年来随着陆续引种梨、桃、李等果树,以及城镇和道路绿化大量栽植樱花、碧桃、紫叶桃花、红叶石楠等树种,引起梨小食心虫大发生,尤对枇杷、梨、桃危害严重,对产量和品质影响极大。该虫在当地1年发生5代,第1代幼虫主要为害白玉、冠玉枇杷,第2代幼虫为害青种及其它晚熟枇杷,第3代幼虫为害翠玉和翠冠梨及晚熟桃,上述3代幼虫同时也蛀害樱桃、樱花、桃、碧桃、紫叶桃花、李、红叶李、杏、梅、木瓜、金边大叶黄杨的新梢,第4代幼虫仅蛀害桃、碧桃、紫叶桃花、红叶石楠的新梢,第5代幼虫只为害红叶石楠的新梢,成为越冬虫源。其中红叶石楠、木瓜和金边大叶黄杨为新发现的寄主。避免上述寄主混栽,特别不能与红叶石楠混栽；及时摘除虫果,定期剪除虫梢,特别是9~10月份彻底剪除红叶石楠的虫梢；在成虫发生初期悬挂糖醋液罐或绑扎梨小食心虫迷向丝；梨、桃果套袋；成虫发生期喷杀虫剂,采取上述防治方法之一均能控制其危害。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In the east and west Dongting mountain area of Suzhou City, abounds with loquat, bayberry, citrus, plum, chestnut, ginkgo, jujube and other fruits. With the introduction of pear, peach, plum and other fruit trees, as well as urban and road greening, a large number of cherry, peach, purple leaf peach, red leaf Photinia and other tree species have been planted in the past 10 years, causing the occurrence of Grapholita molesta, especially harmful to loquat, pear and peach, which has a significant impact on yield and quality. The pest undergoes 5 generations per year in the local area.The first generation larvae mainly damages white jade and crown jade loquat, and the second generation larvae damages Qingzhong and other late-maturing loquat, and the third generation larvae damages Cuiyu, Cuiguan pear and late-maturing peach. The above three generations larvae also damage the new shoots of cherry, cherry blossom, peach, flowering peach, purple leaf peach, plum, red leaf plum, apricot, ume, papaya and Euonymus japonicus. The fourth generation larvae only damages the new shoots of peach, flowering peach, purple leaf peach and photinia serrulata. The fifth generation larvae only damages the new shoots of photinia serrulata, which becomes the source of overwintering insects. Among them, Photinia serrulata, Chaenomeles speciosa and Euonymus japonicus are newly discovered hosts. Avoid the above hosts mixed planting, especially not with Photinia fraseri mixed planting; Insect fruit should be removed in time, and the shoots damaged by pests should be cut off regularly, especially for Photinia fraseri from September to October. Hang sugar and vinegar tank or bind Grapholita molesta disorientated wire at the early stage of adult occurrence; Pear, peach fruit bagging; Spraying insecticides during adult occurrence. Adopting one of the above prevention and control methods can control its harm. |
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