| 李淑仪,黄宁生,廖新荣,王荣萍,丁效东.郁南沙糖桔果园土壤营养状况及结果树叶片营养动态变化[J].中国南方果树,2012,41(3): |
| 郁南沙糖桔果园土壤营养状况及结果树叶片营养动态变化 |
| Study on nutrition status in soil and changes of nutrient content in leaf for Citrus microcarpa in Yunan, Guangdong |
| 投稿时间：2012-02-21 修订日期：2012-03-09 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 沙糖桔，土壤，叶片，营养状况 |
| 英文关键词:Citrus reticulata Blanco cv. Shatangju soil leaf nutrition status |
| 基金项目:广东省中国科学院战略合作项目 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 对广东郁南7个代表性沙糖桔果园土壤和结果树植株叶片营养状况进行了分析。结果显示，坡地果园的酸度比水田果园的大。土壤质地以粘土和粘壤土为主，其中砂页岩坡地果园土壤质均为粘土，而花岗岩坡地为粉砂质粘土，水田改种的多为壤土。土壤有机质含量总体处于中等偏低水平。全氮主要在中等至偏低水平之间；坡地果园的有效磷偏低，水田果园有效磷处于低量至适量水平；缺磷和缺钾的主要是坡地果园，而高磷和高钾的主要是水田果园。土壤交换性钙、镁和有效硼普遍缺乏；铜、锌个别缺乏；铁、锰、硫含量均较高。沙糖桔结果树周年营养状况随着生育期的不同而发生动态变化，土壤磷钾高的果园其叶片磷钾水平并不是全都相应提高。叶片N、P、K、Cu平均含量在开花期最高，N、K、Cu均处于柑桔类的适量范围，而P则高于适量范围；叶片N、P平均含量在幼果期最低。叶片Ca平均含量在果实成熟期最高，郁南沙糖桔叶片Mg低于柑桔类适量水平的较多，说明缺镁的情况较多；叶片Fe、Mn含量从开花期最低至成熟期达到最高，地下水位较高的果园叶片锰含量全年每个生育期均较高，在后期甚至超过适宜水平的1倍多。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Nutrient contents in soil and changes of mineral element content in leaves of citrus shatangju were studied in order to discuss the relationship between mineral elements in soil and leaf and growth in seven typical orchards of Yunan of Guangdong. The results showed that the acidity of sloping field was higher than paddy field. The main texture was clay and clay loam. The texture in sloping field was clay or silty clay while the texture of paddy field was loamy soil. The organic matter and total nitrogen were classified as medium and low. The available nitrogen was 70.9~156.0 mg/kg. The available phosphorus was ranging from 2.17 to 51.64 mg/kg in sloping orchard, while concentration of phosphorus was ranging from 58.7 to 251.2 mg/kg in paddy orchard. The content of available potassium 79.97~205 mg/kg in sloping field and the potassium concentration was 94.97~234.92 mg/kg in paddy orchard. Phosphorus and potassium were lacking in the sloping orchard. The concentrations of phosphorus and potassium were abundant in paddy yield. The contents of exchangeable Ca, Mg and available B were deficient in all orchards, whereas Cu and Zn concentration were deficient in several fields. The contents of Fe, Mn, and S were higher in all fields. The concentrations of phosphorus and potassium in leaves did not increase with the increasing nutrition element concentration in the soil. The N, P, K, and Cu concentrations of the leaves were the highest in flowering period. The contents of N, K, and Cu were in appropriate range while the P concentration overran the range. The contents of N and P were the lowest in the fruit period which were lower than the appropriate range of orange. The Ca content in the leaf was the highest in the harvest while which was the lowest in the flowering period. The contents of Mg, Zn, and B were lower in the flowering and fruit period than in the fruit development period and harvest stage. The Mg concentration in many orchards was the lower than the fitting level which showed that the most deficient element was Mg in the soil. The Fe and Mn concentrations were the lowest in the flowering whereas those were the highest in the harvest stage. The Mn content was the highest in the orchard where water level was higher in all the growing period. |
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