| 夏长秀,王明爽,彭龙,娄伟,严翔,赖华荣,凌永河,朱丛一,方贻文,李红叶.不同杀菌剂对采后柑橘绿霉病的防治效果比较[J].中国南方果树,2012,41(6): |
| 不同杀菌剂对采后柑橘绿霉病的防治效果比较 |
| Efficacy of different types of fungicides in controlling |
| 投稿时间：2012-08-20 修订日期：2012-09-24 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 柑橘绿霉病 抗药性 防治效果 |
| 英文关键词:citrus green mould resistance controlling efficacy evaluation |
| 基金项目:国家现代农业（柑橘）产业技术体系专项经费（MATS）；公益性行业（农业）科研专项（nyhyzx07-12 ，201203034-5） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 本文报道先刺伤接种柑橘绿霉病菌（Penicillium digitatum）孢子悬浮液，再进行不同类型、不同浓度药剂对抗苯并咪唑类和咪唑类杀菌剂（双抗）或双敏感菌系的防治效果。结果表明：500 、1000mg/L甲基硫菌灵、咪鲜胺和抑霉唑（500mg/L）单剂，或500mg/L甲基硫菌灵和咪鲜胺混剂对双抗菌系防治作用均低于50%。而1000mg/L百可得，500、1000mg/L百可得与相同浓度咪鲜胺均可控制双抗菌系引起的腐烂。1000mg/L咯菌腈防效为83.33%，500、1000mg/L嘧霉胺防效分别为91.11%、98.89%。500mg/L百可得、抑霉唑和嘧霉胺单剂，500mg/L百可得和相同浓度咪鲜胺混配，500mg/L甲基硫菌灵和相同浓度咪鲜胺混配对敏感菌系均有89%以上防效。基于研究结果，建议不再使用苯并咪唑类和咪唑类杀菌剂单剂，或这两类杀菌剂混剂防治柑橘采后病害，可选择1000mg /L百可得单剂，500mg /L百可得和相同浓度咪唑类混剂，同时建议将嘧霉胺登记用于柑橘采后处理。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The efficacy of different types and concentrations of fungicides was evaluated in controlling the green mould of postharvest citrus .Fungicides were applied after inoculation in navel oranges with spores of two kinds of strains which were resistant to or sensitive to benzimidazoles and Imidazoles simultaneously. The results indicated that thiophanate-methyl or Prochloraz alone (at 500 or 1000 mg/L)、Imazalil alone (at 500 mg/L) or thiophanate-methyl –Prochloraz mixtures (at 500 500mg/L) showed lower than 50% efficacy in controlling green mould after inoculation with resistant isolates. However，Bellkute alone (at 1000 mg/L)，Bellkute - Prochloraz mixtures (at 500 500 mg/L or 1000 1000 mg/L) could control the decay caused by resistant isolates effectively. The efficacy of Fludioxonil alone (at 1000 mg/L)、Pyrimethanil alone (at 500 or 1000 mg/L) was 83.33%、 91.11% and 98.89% , respectively. Bellkute Imazalil or Pyrimethanil alone (at 500 mg/L) Bellkute-
Prochloraz mixtures（at 500 500mg/L） and thiophanate-methyl- Prochloraz mixtures （at 500 500mg/L）gained the efficacy higher than 89%. To sum up, we don’t suggest that benzimidazoles or Imidazoles be used as fungicides against green mould alone ，even with their mixtures. Better choices are Bellkute alone （at 1000 mg/L）or Bellkute - Imidazoles mixtures（at 500 500 mg/L）for effective control of decay. We propose strongly that Pyrimethanil receive national registration for postharvest use on citrus as soon as possible. |
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