| 邵果园.新型诱变剂“Oryzalin”在园艺植物倍性育种上的应用[J].中国南方果树,2013,42(6): |
| 新型诱变剂“Oryzalin”在园艺植物倍性育种上的应用 |
| The progress of a new mutagentic agent “oryzalin” for ploidy breeding in horticulture plants |
| 投稿时间：2013-07-20 修订日期：2013-08-03 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: Oryzalin 倍性育种 染色体加倍 秋水仙碱 |
| 英文关键词:Oryzalin Ploidy breeding Chromosome doubling Colchicine |
| 基金项目:浙江省农业新品种培育重大科技专项子课题（2012C12903-5-2），浙江省公益技术研究农业项目（2013C32092） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| Oryzalin是一种抗微管物质，主要用于杂草的芽前除草。近年来，国外一些研究者将Oryzalin应用于苹果、猕猴桃、梨、百合等植物的染色体加倍获得成功，认为Oryzalin是除秋水仙碱溶液外又一合适的植物染色体加倍药剂；且与秋水仙碱溶液相比较，Oryzalin具有低浓度、低毒性、低成本、高效率诱导染色体加倍的特点。本文介绍了新型诱变剂“Oryzalin”在园艺植物倍性育种上的应用进展，阐述了Oryzalin诱导染色体加倍的作用机理、处理方法和注意事项，并探讨了应用中存在的问题及其应用前景。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Ploidy breeding in plant mostly consisted of polyploidy breeding and haploidy breeding. Chemistry inducement was mainly used not only in inducing polyploidy manually but also in doubling chromosome of callues or embryoid in haploidy breeding, and colchicine was the broadest used mutagentic agent.Usually a hign concentration colchicine which was harmfull to operator and plants was used because it was hard to combine with plant proteins.And it was not easy to get rid of when it combining with the protein which would leaded undesired variations.Recently a few investigator considered that oryzalin would be an efficient mutagentic agent as an alternation for colchicine in chromosome doubling in plants. Oryzalin was an antimicrotuble inhibitor could inhibit mitosis by combining closely with plant proteins,so as to double chromosomes.It was so closely with plant proteins that with a very low concentration could gain a very high efficiency. At the same time,oryzalin was low-toxicity to operator and lessly inhabited plants to regenerate and cheap sold as a herbicide. Using oryzalin in Ploidy breeding would have the advantages:low concentration, high efficiency, low toxicity and less cost, which had been succeed in breeding on lilium,nerine,apple,trihaploid kiwifruit,garlic,rhododendron,tobacco,suger beet,gerbera,haploid apple, haploid onion, haploid pear,pollen of interspecific hybrid lilies,corn,wheat,et al.This paper summarized the use of the new mutagentic agent “oryzalin” in ploidy breeding in horticulture plants. Introduced the mechanism of its action to double chromosome and the methods of disposing, and finally prospected its foreground as a mutagentic agent used for chromosome doubling. |
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