| 李保同.大蒜素对猕猴桃果实主要致病菌的室内抑制活性及贮藏防效研究[J].中国南方果树,2014,43(4): |
| 大蒜素对猕猴桃果实主要致病菌的室内抑制活性及贮藏防效研究 |
| Study on inhibitory activity of allicin against the main pathogen of Kiwifruit in the greenhouse and its efficacy during the storage |
| 投稿时间：2014-03-06 修订日期：2014-03-06 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 大蒜素 猕猴桃 腐烂病 抑菌作用 贮藏防效 |
| 英文关键词:allicin Kiwifruit rot disease inhibition efficacy during the storage |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 【目的】为了探明植物源抗生素—大蒜素对猕猴桃果实主要致病菌的室内抑制活性及贮藏防治效果。【方法】采用生长速率法测定了大蒜素对猕猴桃果实5种主要致病菌菌丝生长的抑制作用，采用浸渍法试验了大蒜素对贮藏期间猕猴桃果实腐烂病的防治效果，并考察了对果实颜色和硬度的影响。【结果】室内大蒜素对猕猴桃果实腐烂病主要致病菌菌丝生长的抑制活性与浓度呈正相关，对5种主要致病菌拟茎点霉菌（Phomopsis macrospore）、富氏葡萄孢盘菌（Botryotina fuckeliana）、链格孢菌（Alternaria alternata）、葡萄座腔菌（Botryosphaeria dothidea）和层出镰刀菌（Fusarium proliferatum）菌丝生长的抑制中浓度(EC50)分别为244.12、301.13、241.02、261.83和281.67 mg?L-1，EC90值分别为2765.46、1644.17、1154.00、1041.68和1048.63 mg?L-1。果实贮藏6%大蒜素水乳剂对猕猴桃果实腐烂病具有一定的防治效果，600～1000 mg?L-1处理药后14 d对腐烂病的防效为79.81%～89.24%，药后21 d对腐烂病的防效为31.00%～45.04%，且可一定程度延缓果实的软化进程。【结论】大蒜素对猕猴桃果实主要致病菌具有显著的抑制作用，具有开发为猕猴桃果实腐烂病防治药剂的潜在价值。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Abstract: 【Objective】The objective of the study is to explore inhibitory activity of botanical antibiotics -allicin against the main pathogen of Kiwifruit in laboratory and its efficacy during the storage. 【Method】The inhibitory effects of allicin against mycelia growth of 5 kinds of main pathogen of Kiwifruit were assayed by the methods of mycelia growth rate in the greenhouse, and its efficacy against Kiwifruit rot disease during the storage was tested by immersion method, and its effects on fruit color and hardness were investigated. 【Result】The inhibitory activity of allicin against mycelia growth of 5 kinds of main pathogen of Kiwifruit was positively correlated to the concentration in the greenhouse. Its values of EC50 and EC90 were 244.12 and 2765.46, 301.13 and 1644.17, 241.02 and 1154.00, 261.83 and 1041.68, 281.67 and 1048.63 mg?L-1 against 5 kinds of main pathogen of Kiwifruit including Phomopsis macrospore, Botryotina fuckeliana, Alternaria alternate, Botryosphaeria dothidea and Fusarium proliferatum, respectively. Allicin 6% EW had some efficacy against Kiwifruit rot disease during the storage, the efficacies of allicin 6% EW at the concentrations of 600～1000 mg?L-1 against Kiwifruit rot disease were 79.81%～89.24% within 14 d after treatment, and 31.00%～45.04% within 21 d after treatment. And softened process of Kiwifruit was slightly slowed. 【Conclusion】Allicin have significant inhibitory activity against the main pathogen of Kiwifruit, and have the potential to be developed into the pesticide against Kiwifruit rot disease. |
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