| 李荣华,邓子牛.柑橘无病毒容器育苗成本的构成分析[J].中国南方果树,2015,44(6): |
| 柑橘无病毒容器育苗成本的构成分析 |
| Analysis on Cost Constitution of Virus-free Container Citrus Nursery |
| 投稿时间：2015-05-11 修订日期：2015-07-17 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 柑橘 无病毒容器育苗 成本构成 育苗容器。 |
| 英文关键词:Citrus virus-free seedlings, Breeding technology, Cost constitution, Container. |
| 基金项目:现代农业（柑橘）产业技术体系专项支助(CAR-27),柑橘黄龙病和溃疡病综合防控技术研究与示范(201003067-07),部分柑橘砧木收集、评价与筛选(201203075-06X)。 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 柑橘无病毒容器育苗是柑橘安全生产的基础，而成本高一直成为无病毒容器育苗推广困难最大的障碍。对柑橘无病毒容器育苗的成本进行调查分析，可以有针对性的对育苗技术进行改良以达到降低成本的目的。本文对某苗圃的育苗成本做了较详细的调查，结果显示：直接生产成本（包括人工管理成本、种子、基质肥料等其他物资消耗成本）最高，占总育苗成本85.3%以上，其次是折旧成本，占14.0%，维修成本占较小的一部分比例；直接生产成本中，人工管理成本最高，占比52.8%，其次是营养土及容器成本，占比34.8%；营养土成本构成表明，基质成本占比较大，容器可影响基质的用量、占地面积等多个方面，是一个较为重要的方面。选择规格相差较小三种容器进行试验，结果表明，规格相差并不大的三种容器在成本上差别很大，但对砧木的生长却没有因规格的大小表现出显著的差异，因此，容器规格相差并不大的可以选择尽量小的用来育苗。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Citrus virus-free container nursery is vital importance to citrus production, but it is difficult to expand because of the high expenditure. Make analysis on nursery cost constitution can guide managers improve the nursery technology to reduce cost on targeted. In this paper, cost constitution has been surveyed, it seems that the direct cost (Include management cost, seed, substrate, fertilization cost, et) more than 85% of the total cost of the nursery is the most high, next is depreciable cost hold 14% of the total cost of the nursery. In direct cost management cost is the most, next is substrate and container cost. In nutrient soil cost, substrate cost is the most, but the size of container can affect the volume of the substrate and occupied area, so container can make much influence in cost. Use 3 different size container to test, it shows that there are range in cost by the low difference size, but the rootstock has little difference in growth, so it seems unnecessary to choose lager containers when the container size is less difference. |
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