| 王杰,宋士任,董能利,赵丽萍,张才喜,王世平,许文平.不同根域容积对柑橘果实品质及土壤养分、微生物、酶活性的影响[J].中国南方果树,2016,45(1): |
| 不同根域容积对柑橘果实品质及土壤养分、微生物、酶活性的影响 |
| Effect of the root-zone volume on fruit quality of citrus and soil nutrients, microorganisms, enzymatic activity |
| 投稿时间：2015-10-12 修订日期：2015-11-24 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 根域容积 柑橘 土壤养分 土壤微生物 多样性 土壤酶活性 果实品质 |
| 英文关键词:Root-zone restriction(RR) Citrus L. Soil nutrient Diversity Soil microorganisms Soil enzyme activity Fruit quality |
| 基金项目:上海市现代农业技术体系建设项目（沪农科产字（2014）第7号、沪农科产字（2015）第7号） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为研究根域容积对柑橘树体营养、果实品质及土壤养分、微生物、酶活性的影响，为柑橘的根域限制栽培提供技术支持，以5年生‘早生宫川’为试材，采用50L、100L、150L根域容积进行栽培，以大田栽培为对照，测定不同根域容积下柑橘树体营养、叶片光合作用、果实品质及不同土层土壤养分、土壤微生物及土壤酶活性状况。结果表明，根域限制处理叶片光合速率受到抑制，100L根域容积处理叶片中N、P元素含量最高，其他处理与对照相比均降低，果实N、P、K含量在根域限制栽培条件下均降低；根域限制处理明显提高了土壤有机质及硝态氮含量；除过氧化氢酶活性降低外，150L及100L处理的根际土壤酶活性明显增强，土壤微生物数量随根域容积降低而不同程度减少，但各处理微生物多样性均有所提高；根域限制可提高柑橘果实单果重、糖含量及固酸比，其中150L及100L处理提升效果较为明显；综合分析表明根域限制能有效提高土壤有机质和硝态氮含量、土壤酶活性及微生物多样性，明显提高柑橘的果实品质，100L与150L根域容积提升效果较为明显，但两根域容积间差异不大。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The goal of this study was to determine the reasonable cultivation root volume through analysing tree nutrition, fruit quality and soil nutrients, microorganisms, enzymatic activity of citrus under different root restriction level. 5-year-old Satsuma mandarin (Citrus unshiu Marc. cv. unbergii Nakai) was selected as materials. Fruit quality, tree nutritions and soil nutrients, microorganisms, enzymatic activity of different depth of soil were analysed under different root-zone volume (150 L, 100 L, 50 L) and land cultivation(control). The results showed that the leaf photosynthesis were significantly suppressed under root restriction, but the content of soil organic matter and nitrate nitrogen was obviously increased. 100 L root-zone treatment had higher available soil potassium content and N, P leaf contents than control, while the other two treatments decreased these contents. N, P, K contents of the fruits were all significantly declined under the root restriction. In addition to the Catalase activity reduced, rhizosphere soil enzyme activity of 150 L and 100 L root-zone volume were significantly enhanced. With the reduction of the root-zone volume, soil microorganisms quantities were gradually decreased. Fruit quality was improved under root restriction and the effect was more obvious under 150 L and 100 L root-zone volume, Root-zone restriction can obviously improve soil enzyme activity, content of soil organic matter , and fruit quality. 100L and 150L root-zone volume improve the performance most obviously with have less influence on soil microorganisms. |
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