| 赵杰,赵宝明,支月娥.葡萄炭疽病菌生物学特性及药剂 的毒力测定[J].中国南方果树,2016,45(3): |
| 葡萄炭疽病菌生物学特性及药剂 的毒力测定 |
| Biological characteristics of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.) Sacc. and toxicity of fungicides |
| 投稿时间：2015-11-03 修订日期：2015-12-14 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 葡萄炭疽病菌 生物学特性 药剂毒力 |
| 英文关键词:Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.) Sacc. Biological characteristics Toxicity of fungicides |
| 基金项目:上海市科技兴农推广项目 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 采用生长速率法和测定产孢量，研究了葡萄炭疽病菌的生物学特性，并测定了8种杀菌剂的毒力。结果表明：PDA培养基最适宜菌落生长，葡萄糖蛋白胨琼脂培养基产孢量最多。菌丝生长的适宜温度范围为5～40 ℃，最适温度25 ℃；菌落产孢能适应较广的pH值，以pH 3产孢量最多；菌丝的致死温度为56 ℃。菌落生长对光照的要求不严格，但以全暗条件最适宜产孢。在测试的碳源中，麦芽糖和蔗糖较适宜菌丝生长，乳糖最适宜产孢；氮源中以蛋白胨、酵母膏和牛肉膏较适宜菌丝生长，牛肉膏最适宜产孢。采用生长速率法测定了8种杀菌剂对病菌的抑制作用，其中氟啶胺、多菌灵、咪鲜胺锰盐和吡唑醚菌酯的毒力较高。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| By the mycelium growth rate methods and the determination of spore production, the biological characteristics of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.) Sacc. were studied and the toxicity of 8 fungicides were tested. The results showed that the suitable media for mycelial growth and spore production were PDA and dextrose peptone agar medium respectively. The suitable temperature for mycelial growth was 5~40 ℃ and the best was 25 ℃. The optimum pH was 3 for spore production. The thermal death temperature of the mycelia was 56 ℃. Mycelial growth could adapt to the different illumination conditions, and dark was favorable for spore production. Among the tested carbon sources, maltose and sucrose were favorable for mycelial growth, and lactose was the most favorable for spore production. Among the tested nitrogen sources, peptone, yeast extract, and beef extract were favorable for mycelial growth, and beef extract was the most favorable for spore production. The tests for the inhibiting effects of 8 fungicides on C. gloeosporioides indicated that fluazinam, carbendazim,prochloraz-manganese chloride complex and pyraclostrobin had high toxicity. |
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