| 袁红旭.１5种大型真菌对香蕉根结线虫的毒杀作用测定*[J].中国南方果树,2016,45(5): |
| １5种大型真菌对香蕉根结线虫的毒杀作用测定* |
| Poison effect of 15 kinds of fungus culture on banana root knot nematodes |
| 投稿时间：2015-11-25 修订日期：2016-01-09 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 食用菌 毒杀 香蕉根结线虫 |
| 英文关键词:edible fungi poison banana root knot nematodes |
| 基金项目:广东省科技计划项目（2012A020200009）和 湛江市热带特色资源植物技术开发重点实验室项目（2014A06008）资助 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 以华南地区常见的15种可食用真菌为研究对象，通过培养物的浸提液处理二龄线虫及培养物与病土混合处理的盆栽防效试验，初步测定了15种大型可食用真菌菌丝培养对香蕉根结线虫（Meloidogyne incongnita）的毒杀作用。研究结果表明，15种大型可食用真菌的培养物对香蕉根结线虫存在毒杀作用，但毒杀作用大小因不同真菌差异显著，盆栽试验防治效果为5.6~67.8%。其中，漏斗大孔菌Favolus arcularius，肺型侧耳Pleurotus pulmonarius和粗皮侧耳Pleurotus ostreatus对香蕉根结线虫的毒杀作用强，培养物的浸提液处理线虫24 hr的校正死亡率达到66~67.8%，含2%真菌培养物病土的盆栽试验防治效果达到64.1~67.8%，而鲍鱼菇Pleurotus abalones、粉褶菌 Rhodophyllus omiensis和草菇Volvariella volvacea对香蕉根结线虫的毒杀作用很小。盆栽试验还表明多数真菌培养物对香蕉幼苗生长具有一定的促进作用，说明，一些常见的食用菌培养物除对线虫病具有一定的防治作用外，还可作为菌肥用于香蕉的栽培。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| 15 kinds of common edible fungi in southern China was selected to determine their poison effect on banana root knot nematodes, Meloidogyne incongnita, with the experiments of treatment on 2 age nematodes with culture extract and growing banana seedling in pot with disease soil mixed with potted culture of fungi. The results showed that the extract from culture of 15 kinds of edible fungi had poison effect on the nematodes, but the effects significantly changed with different fungal and the disease control effects changed from 5.6% to 67.8% in the pot experiment. Favolus arcularius, Pleurotus pulmonarius, Pleurotus ostreatus had strong effects, the corrected mortality rates were up to 66 ~ 67.8% after 24 hr when the nematode were treated with their culture extract solution and the effects of disease control were up to 64.1~67.8% in pot experiment with 2% culture in soil. While, Pleurotus abalones, Rhodophyllus omiensis and Volvariella volvacea had very weak effect. In pot experiment, it was t also showed that most of the fungal cultures had a certain role in promoting of banana seedlings, that indicated that some common edible fungus cultivation residue had prevention effect for nematode disease and promoting effect to the seedling, could be used as a biologic manure for banana cultivation. |
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