| 高恒锦,储春荣,王小柯,陈绍彬,晏承泉,闫树堂,孙珍珠,江东.宽皮柑桔野生和地方资源遗传多样性分析[J].中国南方果树,2016,45(2): |
| 宽皮柑桔野生和地方资源遗传多样性分析 |
| The Genetic Diversity Analysis of Wild and Landrace mandarin Germplasms |
| 投稿时间：2016-03-15 修订日期：2016-03-15 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 宽皮柑橘 莽山野柑 遗传多样性 |
| 英文关键词:Mandarin Mang Shan Ye Gan genetic diversity |
| 基金项目:“十二五”国家科技支撑计划项目（2013BAD01B04-22）；公益行业专项“重要果树野生资源的农艺及品质性状评价与发掘利用”(201303093)；2013年苏州市吴中区科技计划项目（WN201305）； |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 本研究利用SSR、InDel及来自于lncRNA的分子标记对我国不同地区的45份野生、半野生及地方宽皮柑橘资源进行了遗传多样性分析。31对引物共获得81个标记位点，产生了280条多态性条带，平均每对引物检测到 9条扩增条带，多态性标记位点的平均香农信息指数为0.651，平均期望杂合度为0.385。群体遗传结构、主坐标轴和聚类分析均表明，莽山野柑是一类原始独特的柑橘种质；起源于南岭山脉的野生宽皮柑橘，如道县野桔、悬崖野桔、莽山桔、江永野桔、崇义野桔等构成了一类独特于其它宽皮柑橘的原始野生类群；古老栽培柑橘中的皱皮柑类型，包括旺苍皱皮柑、皱皮柑、藏橘等构成了另一个原始古老类群,现代栽培柑橘城固冰糖桔中具有典型皱皮柑的基因渗入。宽皮柑橘中的一些育成品种及杂柑资源，具有较丰富的遗传多样性。本研究证实了起源于南岭山脉一带的野生宽皮柑橘在遗传背景上较为接近，其多样性也低于现代栽培宽皮柑橘，缺乏人为驯化和外源基因渗入，为南岭山脉是我国宽皮柑橘的起源中心这一论断提供了科学依据。由于长期的人为驯化和外源基因的渗入，宽皮柑橘的演化伴随着遗传多样性水平由低向高逐渐演变的过程。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The molecular markers derived from simple sequence repeat, insertion-deletion as well as long non-coding RNA were applied to study the genetic diversity of 45 wild,semi-wild and Landrace mandarin preserved in National Citrus Germplasm Repository in Beibei，Chongqing, were evaluated with these markers. 31 pairs primers produced 81 loci and 280 polymorphism bands, with average 9 polymorphism bands per primer. The mean of Shannon index and expected heterozygosity was 0.651 and 0.385 respectively. The population genetic structure, principal coordinate and cluster analysis all showed that Mang Shan Ye Gan was an unique and primitive species, the wild mandarins originated in Nanling Mountain such as Dao Xian Ye Ju,Xuan Ya Ye Ju, Mang Shan Ju, Jiang Yong Ye Ju and Chong Yi Ye Ju etc. formed a distinct clade from other mandarin. The primitive landrace mandarin Zhou Pi Gan such as Wang Cang Zhou Pi Gan,Zhou Pi Gan and ZangJu were grouped into a clade, and there genetic introgression were found in the old cultivar of Cheng Gu Bing Tang Ju, which have similar geographical distribution with Zhou Pi Gan. The modern breeding lines of mandarin exhibited richer genetic diversity comparing with wild mandarin. several wild mandarins originated in Nanling Mountain had similar genetic background and lower genetic diversity due to scarcely artificial selection and limited exogenous genes introgression, this evidence supported previous opinion that Nanling Mountain was the original center of mandarin. Long term artificial selection and exogenous genes introgression resulted in the elevation of genetic diversity of mandarin cultivars during the evolution process. |
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