| 习建龙,袁高鹏,彭良志,袁梦,张梦娇,彭震宇,淳长品,江才伦,付行政.重庆三峡库区晚熟脐橙品质变化和适宜采收期研究[J].中国南方果树,2016,45(4): |
| 重庆三峡库区晚熟脐橙品质变化和适宜采收期研究 |
| Study on the Changes of Fruit Quality and Suitable Harvest Time for Late Season Navel Orange Varieties in the Three Gorges Area of Chongqing |
| 投稿时间：2016-05-13 修订日期：2016-05-13 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 晚熟脐橙 品质 适宜采收期 |
| 英文关键词:late season navel fruit quality suitable harvest period |
| 基金项目: |
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| 摘要点击次数: 1868 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为了解重庆三峡库区晚熟脐橙品质变化，以及确定其适宜采收期。2015年1-5月在重庆市奉节县的6个主产乡镇的10个代表性果园，分别采集凤晚和鲍威尔脐橙果实横径80-85mm的大果和横径60-70mm的小果进行品质分析。结果表明：相同采果时期，2个品种的大果单果重、纵横径和皮厚均高于小果，但可食率、出汁率、可溶性固形物（TSS）、可滴定酸（TA）、Vc含量、还原糖、转化糖及总糖均低于小果，2种类型果实的各个品质指标大多数有显著性差异；由于小果的TA均高于大果，导致其固酸比（TSS/TA）低于大果。总体而言，两个品种随采果时期的推移，TSS和TSS/TA上升，TA含量下降；Vc含量先减后增，多数在4月18日最小，随后上升。两个品种果面色差L值随着采果时期的推移先减后增，在4月18日达到最小值，随后上升；凤晚脐橙果面色差a值在3月18日最大，鲍威尔脐橙果面色差a值在1月18日最大；而两个品种的果面色差b值均在1月18日最大；凤晚的果面色差a/b值先增后减，在3月18日达到最大值；鲍威尔的果面色差a/b值先减后增，在4月18日达到最小。总的来说，凤晚脐橙果实成熟期和适宜采收期为4月中旬，鲍威尔脐橙为5月中旬；凤晚脐橙品质优于鲍威尔脐橙；小果的果实品质优于大果。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| This study was aimed to investigate the quality changes of late season navel orange fruits sampled on different dates and to evaluate their suitable harvest time in the Three Gorges area of Chongqing. Large size (diameter 80-85mm) and small size (diameter 60-70mm) fruits of late season navel oranges of Fengwan and Powell were sampled from January to May 2015 in 10 typical orchards in 6 main producing towns of Fengjie county for quality analysis. The results showed that at the same harvest time, the large size fruits had higher single fruit weight, diameter and peel thickness, but lower edible rate, juice yield, total soluble solids (TSS), titratable acidity (TA), Vc content, reducing sugar, invert sugar and total sugar than the small ones for both Fengwan and Powell navel oranges. Furthermore, most of these quality indexes were significant difference between the two size fruits. Due to higher TA, the small size fruits had lower TSS/TA. For two naval orange varieties, the TSS and TSS/TA increased, TA decreased, and Vc content decreased till about April 18th and then increased with the delay of harvest time. For the fruit color differences, with the delay of harvest time, the L value decreased first and then increased, and lowest on April 18th in both two naval orange varieties; the a value was highest on March 18th and January 18th for Fengwan and Powell navel orange, respectively, while the b value was highest on January 18th in both two varieties; the a/b value increased first and then decreased in Fengwan navel orange, and highest on March 18th, while it decreased first and then increased in Powell navel orange, and lowest on April 18th. In general, the fruit maturation period and suitable harvest time of Fengwan navel was in mid-April, but in mid-May for Powell navel orange. The quality of Fengwan navel orange was better than that of Powell, and small size fruits were better than large size fruits. |
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