| 柳觐,孔广红,贺熙勇,倪书邦.澳洲坚果主栽品种‘HAES294’和‘HAES800’乙烯利促落果高效采收方式研究[J].中国南方果树,2017,46(4): |
| 澳洲坚果主栽品种‘HAES294’和‘HAES800’乙烯利促落果高效采收方式研究 |
| Application of Ethephon for High Efficient Harvesting of Macadamia fruits in Cultivars ‘HAES294’ and HAES800’ |
| 投稿时间：2016-08-15 修订日期：2016-10-08 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 澳洲坚果 乙烯利 高效采收 |
| 英文关键词:Macadamia spp. Ethephon High-efficiency harvesting method |
| 基金项目:云南省热带作物科技创新体系建设项目（RF2016）；云南农垦重点科技项目“澳洲坚果激素促脱高效采收方式示范推广”（2013NK02）；云南省院所技术开发专项“澳洲坚果丰产栽培关键技术研究与示范”（2012CF014）；农业部热作种质资源保护专项“澳洲坚果种质资源保护”（2016RZZY-14）资助 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为降低澳洲坚果采收成本，提高采收效率，以澳洲坚果主栽品种‘HAES800’和‘HAES294’为材料，在果实成熟期喷施浓度为1.5 g/L、2.0 g/L和2.5 g/L的乙烯利溶液，对喷施乙烯利溶液后的落果情况、落叶情况和果实品质进行了研究，并对该方法的促落果效果和使用成本进行了评估。结果表明，品种‘HAES800’喷施上述浓度乙烯利溶液4周后的落果率分别达到94.10%、94.08%和93.67%，而同一时期CK的落果率仅有24.64%；品种‘HAES294’喷施上述浓度乙烯利溶液6周后的落果率则分别达到90.89%、93.17%和91.80%，而同一时期CK的落果率仅有53.27%；相比而言品种‘HAES800’对乙烯利溶液更敏感；建议在生产中品种‘HAES800’和‘HAES294’分别采用1.5 g/L和2.0 g/L的乙烯利溶液进行促落果采收；尽管喷施乙烯利会引起部分落叶，但不会对树体生长和果实品质产生影响。应用本方法可使澳洲坚果采收成本降低25.07%，具有巨大的推广应用前景。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to reduce the cost and improve the efficiency of macadamia harvesting, macadamia cultivars ‘HAES800’ and ‘HAES294’ were used as materials. The ethephon solution which at the concentration of 1.5g/L, 2.0g/L and 2.5g/L were sprayed on the macadamia tree in fruit maturation period, the fruit drop, leaves drop and fruit quality after ethephon spraying were studied, the fruit drop effect and harvest cost of the method were evaluated. The results showed that the fruit drop rate of cultivar ‘HAES800’ of 4 weeks after1.5g/L, 2.0g/L and 2.5g/L ethephon spraying were 94.10%, 94.08% and 93.67%, but the fruit drop rate of CK was only 24.64%. The fruit drop rate of cultivar ‘HAES294’ after 6 weeks of 1.5g/L, 2.0g/L and 2.5g/L ethephon spraying were 90.89%, 93.17% and 91.80%, respectively, but the fruit drop rate of CK was only 53.27%. The cultivar ‘HAES800’ was more sensitive to the ethephon solution compared with‘HAES294’. The ethephon solution at the concentration of 1.5g/L and 2.0g/L could been used in the fruit harvest of macadamia cultivars ‘HAES800’ and ‘HAES294’, respectively. Although leaves drop were caused after ethephon spraying, but the macadamia tree growth and fruit quality have not been affected. The harvest cost could been reduced 25.07% by the application of this method and the method has great application prospect. |
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