| 王君秀,袁梦,李思静,袁高鹏,陈焱,彭良志,付行政,曹立,淳长品.不同柑桔品种裂果及其成因研究[J].中国南方果树,2017,46(2): |
| 不同柑桔品种裂果及其成因研究 |
| Fruit cracking in Different Citrus Varieties and the underlying reasons |
| 投稿时间：2016-11-15 修订日期：2016-12-12 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 柑桔 品种 裂果 温湿度 营养元素 |
| 英文关键词:citrus fruit split rainfall quality nutrition element |
| 基金项目:国家现代农业（柑橘）产业技术体系建设专项（2016-2020）；;加工甜橙省力化高产优质高效栽培关键技术示范（2016001013）；重庆市社会民生科技创新专项（cstc2016shmszx80004）；国家脐橙工程技术研究中心协同创新项目（2014QC02） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 摘要：目的：柑桔裂果是生产中常见的一种生理性病害，严重影响果实的商品价值，因此弄清不同柑桔品种裂果的差异及成因对提高柑桔品质、减少产量损失尤为重要。材料与方法：本研究对纽荷尔脐橙、朋娜脐橙、白柳脐橙、清家脐橙、塔罗科血橙、兴津温州蜜柑、清见桔橙、不知火桔橙、485-28、32-1（其中485-28、32-1为柑研所新品系）10个品种进行裂果数目调查，并与气象资料、树体叶片营养状况和果实品质进行相关性分析。结果与分析：结果表明，不同品种间裂果率差异极大，清见未见裂果，而 485-28 的累计裂果率达到 78.72%。甜橙类品种裂果率与果皮厚度呈显著负相关。雨量分布不均是导致果实裂果的原因之一。研究发现柑桔叶片钾含量与裂果率呈显著负相关，结果枝与营养枝的钙含量与果实裂果率相关性不明显，但二者间的差值与裂果率呈显著负相关，这可能与 Ca的调运能力有关，具体原因有待进一步研究。结论：因此，生产上应选择裂果率较低的品种，合理灌溉，适当增施钾和钙肥，以降低果实裂果率。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Abstract: Split of citrus fruit is a common physiological disease impacting economic value of the fruits in citrus production. To understand the differences and reasons of split in various citrus varieties fruit, we investigated the numbers of fruit splitting in 10 major citrus varieties, and made a correlation analysis on the environment, leaf nutrition, fruits quality with splitting rate. The results showed that there are a great difference splitting rate among 10 varieties, the lowest and highest splitting rate were Kiyomi hybrid（Citrus sinensis ?Citrus unshiu) and 485-28 hybrid (Citrus reticulate Blanco譎aruka), and the splitting rate is 0 and 78.72%, respectively. The correlation analysis indicated that peel thickness was positively correlated with fruit splitting, and potassium (K) and calcium (Ca) contents of leaves are negative correlated with fruit splitting. It was preliminary concluded that the uneven rainfall, peel thickness and concentration of K and Ca in leaves are closely related to fruit splitting. Thus, crack-resistant cultivars, reasonable irrigation, and application of more K and Ca fertilizer should be considered to reduce fruit splitting in citrus production. |
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