| 李彩,党江波,钟定银.重庆市涪陵区宜栽荔枝品种的筛选[J].中国南方果树,2018,47(3): |
| 重庆市涪陵区宜栽荔枝品种的筛选 |
| Screening Litchi Varieties suitable being planted in Fuling, Chongqing |
| 投稿时间：2017-12-03 修订日期：2017-12-30 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 涪陵 荔枝（Litchi chinensis Sonn.） “桂味” “楠木叶” |
| 英文关键词:Fuling Litchi chinensis Sonn. ‘Guiwei’ ‘Nanmuye’ |
| 基金项目:涪陵区科技计划项目（FLKJ, 2014ABB2072） |
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| 摘要点击次数: 1831 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 涪陵荔枝自古声名远播，但自明清以来，栽培逐渐变少、甚至消失，以致涪陵、甚至重庆所产荔枝鲜为人知。近年来，我区引进了“桂味”、“楠木叶”、 “糯米糍”、 “铊提”等品种荔枝，进行适宜栽培品种的筛选。结果表明，4个品种荔枝产量不同，其中“桂味”和“楠木叶”产量较高，分别为32 kg/株和27 kg/株，而“糯米糍”和“铊提”产量较低，分别为18 kg/株和14 kg/株；所有品种果实品质均较优，单果重18.87～23.26 g，“楠木叶”最重；可食率70.59%～77.86%，“楠木叶”最高；可溶性固形物含量17.40%～19.40%，“桂味”最高；维生素C含量22.12～53.93 mg/100 mL，“桂味”最高，“楠木叶”次之。且“桂味”、“楠木叶”树势强，产量高，多年果实品质稳定。综合来看，“桂味”、“楠木叶”表现较好。因此，涪陵地区可以“桂味”和“楠木叶”为今后发展的主要参考品种，但需注意低温等极端气候的影响。这为今后涪陵以及重庆荔枝产业的开发提供参考。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Litchi in Fuling was ever well known long ago. But it became less and less and even disappeared since Ming Dynasty and Qing Dynasty. This make that Litchi produced in Chongqing have been not known by people now. Litchi varieties ‘Guiwei’, ‘Nanmuye’, ‘Nuomici’ and ‘Tati’ were introduced in Fuling resent years. And these varieties were screened to selected varieties that are suitable to be planted in Fuling. The results showed that ‘Guiwei’ and ‘Nanmuye’ had higher fileds, which were 32 kg/plant and 27kg/plant respectively. ‘Nuomici’ and ‘Tati’ had lower fields, which were 18 kg/plant and 14 kg/plant. Fruit qualities of all the four varieties were all excellent. The single fruit weight (SFW) was 18.87-23.26 g, and the ‘Nanmuye’ had the highest SFW. The edible rate was 70.59%-77.86%, and ‘Nanmuye’ was the highest too. The soluble solid content (SSC) was 17.40%-19.40%, and the ‘Guiwei’ had the highest SSC. The content of vitamin C was 22.12-53.93 mg/100 mL, and the ‘Guiwei’ had the highest content, ‘Nanmuye’ was the second. In addition, tree vigor of ‘Guiwei’ and ‘Nanmuye’ was strong, and they had high yield. Fruit qualities of the two varieties were stable according to years test. To sum up, ‘Guiwei’ and ‘Nanmuye’ performed well in Fuling. Therefore, ‘Guiwei’ and ‘Nanmuye’ can be used as main considerable varieties in Fuling and effects of extreme climate facters such as low temperature et al. should be noted. And our results would be referred in developments of litchi industry in Fuling and Chongqing. |
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