| 胡文舜,许奇志,蒋际谋,施金全,姜帆,袁韬,郑少泉.半开放式龙眼设施大棚环境因子的变化分析——以宁德市2016年初冷空气活跃期为例[J].中国南方果树,2018,47(1): |
| 半开放式龙眼设施大棚环境因子的变化分析——以宁德市2016年初冷空气活跃期为例 |
| Variation analysis of environment factors for Longan semi-open greenhouse——taking active phase of early 2016 cold air in Ningde as example |
| 投稿时间：2017-12-05 修订日期：2017-12-27 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 龙眼 设施栽培 环境因子 冻害 |
| 英文关键词:Longan protected cultivation environment factor freeze injury |
| 基金项目:福建省科技计划项目——省属公益类科研院所专项(2014R1014-6)；福建省种业创新与产业化工程项目(2014S1477-15)；国家荔枝龙眼产业技术体系龙眼育种岗位(CARS-32-06)；福建省农业科学院科技创新团队建设项目(STIT2017-1-4)。 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 以福安市坂中乡一半开放式日光温室龙眼大棚为试验点,对2016年1-3月大棚内外气温、相对湿度、地温及棚外降雨量的变化进行连续观测,分析环境因子变化规律及冻害对树体生长影响。结果表明：①大棚气温与露地气温总体无显著差异,两者均具有单峰曲线形式的日变化特征,最低值出现在日出前,最高值出现在1月份的13:00左右和2、3月份的14:00左右；②大棚地温较露地高1.95℃,差异呈极显著,两者地温日内变化均呈单峰曲线,最低值出现在8:00左右,最高值出现在15:00-17:00,大棚最高值出现时间较露地提前约1h；③大棚相对湿度较露地高1.35%,差异呈极显著,大棚和露地的相对湿度日内变化均呈双峰单谷型,与气温的日内变化趋势相反；④3个月份总降雨量为411.0 mm,降雨量与相对湿度和气温呈极显著相关,气温与地温和相对湿度呈极显著相关；⑤1月24-26日极端低温期间,大棚内发生两次持续12h左右的0℃以下低温(气温最低值-4.93℃),造成龙眼植株主干或一级分支以上部位受冻干枯,春后萌芽大多发生在近地面的主干部位。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The air temperature, relative humidity, and ground temperature inside and outside of Longan semi-open sunlight greenhouse and rainfall of open field in Banzhong township of Fuan city were continuously observed , between January and March 2016. And the variation of these environment factors date and influence of freeze injury on growth of tree were analyzed. The result are as followed: ① There was no significant difference between the air temperature of greenhouse and open filed on the whole process. The diurnal variation of both two groups characterized by single peak curve obviously, with the highest value at about 13:00 in January and about 14:00 in Feburary and March, and the lowest value at sunrise. ② The greenhouse ground temperature was 1.95℃ higher than that of open field, showing significant difference. Both two temperatures showed diurnal patterns by single peak curve with the lowest value at 8:00 and the highest at 15:00-17:00, and the peak value of greenhouse was one hour earlier than the control. ③ The relative humidity of greenhouse was 1.35% higher than that of open field, showing significant difference. Both these two groups’ diurnal variation showed double peak curve, which was contrary to trend of air temperature. ④ The total rainfall of 3 months was 411.0 mm. There were prominent relation between the rainfall and relative humid, rainfall and air temperature, air temperature and ground temperature, air temperature and relative humidity. ⑤ Sustained low air temperature bellow 0℃ had been happened twice within the period of the extreme low-temperature event on January 24-26, with the lowest value of -4.93℃ in greenhouse, which caused the severely freeze injury in the stem or first branch of Longan tree. The bud germination mostly occurred at near-surface part of stem after Spring. |
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