| 户雪敏.澳洲坚果叶斑病新病原及生物学特性[J].中国南方果树,2018,47(4): |
| 澳洲坚果叶斑病新病原及生物学特性 |
| Characterization of a new pathogen in macadamia leaf spot |
| 投稿时间：2018-01-11 修订日期：2018-03-19 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 澳洲坚果 叶斑病 小孢拟盘多毛孢 生物学特性 |
| 英文关键词:Macadamia Leaf spot Pestalotiopsis microspora Biological characteristics |
| 基金项目: |
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| 摘要点击次数: 1891 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 摘 要：在澳洲坚果园进行病样采集时，发现一种叶部病害，为明确该病害的病原菌种类，将采集的病叶进行分离，并运用科赫法则测定致病性，根据病原菌的形态学特征和rDNA-ITS序列分析对病原菌进行鉴定。结果表明,分离菌株的菌落形态和分生孢子形态都与小孢拟盘多毛孢（Pestalotiopsis microspora）一致，经分子生物学鉴定，其ITS序列与小孢拟盘多毛孢的ITS序列的同源性为99%，将引起澳洲坚果叶斑病的病原菌鉴定为小孢拟盘多毛孢。生物学特性结果表明：PDA培养基最有利于病原菌生长，培养3天后，菌落直径达62.9 mm，最佳碳源为葡萄糖，最佳氮源为硫酸铵，病原菌在15-30 ℃均能生长，最适生长温度为28℃，病原菌在pH为4-11范围内均可生长，pH为7时生长最佳，全光照有利于病原菌生长。本文首次报道Pestalotiopsis microspora引起澳洲坚果叶斑病。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Abstract: A macadamia leaf disease was found in macadamia plantation. In order to identify the pathogen, isolate were obtained by isolation and purification, pathogenicity detection using the Koch's Postulates, pathogenicity of isolates from the symptomatic leaf was tested, and identification of pathogen was conducted according to the morphological characteristics and ITS sequence. The pathogen isolated from the Macadamia is Pestalotiopsis microspora. Biological results showed that the PDA was most conducive to the growth of pathogens, the colony diameters were up to 62.9 mm after incubation at 25 ℃ in dark for three days. The best carbon source for bacteria growth was dextrose, the best nitrogen source was ammonia sulfate, pathogenic bacteria could grow at 15-30℃, the most suitable temperature was 28℃, pathogenic bacteria could grow at pH ranging from 4 to 11, the most suitable pH was 7. Continuous illumination was most favorable for the growth of mycelium. This is the first report of Neofusicoccum mangiferae causing diseases on macadamia. |
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