| 刘超,曹玉芬.中国豆梨原生境分布及与环境因子的关系研究[J].中国南方果树,2019,48(2): |
| 中国豆梨原生境分布及与环境因子的关系研究 |
| #$NBSIn-Situ distribution and Environment relations of wild Pyrus calleryana Decne in china |
| 投稿时间：2018-07-10 修订日期：2018-07-16 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 豆梨 原生境 分布 环境因子 相关分析 |
| 英文关键词:Pyrus calleryana Decne distribution In-Situ Environmental Factors related analysis |
| 基金项目:现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-29-01)；中国农业科学院科技创新工程(CAAS-ASTIP) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为了解中国豆梨野生资源的分布现状及与环境因子的关系，更好的保护野生豆梨资源。通过实地调查取样，测定叶片和果实的形态指标，得到分布于6个省（自治区）的57份豆梨资源的11个表型性状。采用主成分分析、相关分析和聚类分析等方法，分析野生豆梨资源表型性状与环境因子的关系。结果表明豆梨野生资源在中国主要分布于（21.03～31.16）°N，（107.28～119.38）°E，海拔32～710m的范围内，主要有5个集中分布区，分别为广西的河池市、巴马县和桂林市，广东的梧桐山和江西的赣州市。因子分析的结果显示前三个主成分的累计贡献率为85.511%，可以较好的解释所有变量所包含的全部遗传信息，其中纬度、年平均气温、最湿月份降水量和最冷月最低温度对豆梨的分布影响最大。相关分析表明，各性状间相关程度不同，单果重、果实横径、果实纵径和果形指数等与经度、纬度、海拔高度呈现出显著和极显著的相关性，而叶片长度和叶柄长度与年平均气温和最冷月最低温呈现显著或极显著的相关性。基于9个地理气候因子的聚类分析发现，在欧式距离为2.5时，参试的野生豆梨材料可以划分为2大类，7个亚类，表明豆梨野生资源具有较强的抗逆性，生长过程中对环境条件的要求不高。中国原生境豆梨资源表型多样性丰富，表型性状与环境因子之间关系密切，但是由于环境的破坏和人类的城市化进程，豆梨野生资源正在逐渐减少，因此应该采取有效的措施来保护豆梨野生资源。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Abstract: The objective of the study were to elucidate understand the distribution situation and its relationship with environment factors so as to better protect wild Pyrus calleryana Decne.[Method]We performed field investigation, measured several morphological characteristics of leaf and fruit and obtained 11 phenotypic traits of 57 wild P. calleryana from 6 province. To analyze the relationship of phenotypic traits and environment factors, the main mathematical statistical methods were used including factor analysis and correlation analysis, The results indicated that P. calleryana mainly distributed in the area of 21.03～31.16°N , 107.28～119.38°E, with elevation from 32 to 710 meters in china. Hechi, Bama ,Guilin, Wutong Mountain ,Ganzhou were five major distribution areas of P. calleryana. The results of factor analysis show that the cumulative contribution rate of the first three principal components is 85.511%, which can explain most the genetic information contained in all variables, including Latitude, Annual Mean Temperature, Precipitation of Wettest Month and Min Temperature of Coldest Month have the greatest impact on the distribution of P. calleryana. Correlation analysis showed that the degree of correlation between different traits was different. The single fruit weight, Fruit diameter, Fruit longitudinal diameter and fruit index showed significant and extremely significant correlation with longitude, latitude and altitude; while leaf length and petiole length is significantly or extremely significantly correlated with Annual Mean Temperature and Min Temperature of Coldest Month. Based on the cluster analysis of 9 geographical climatic factors, it was found that when the Euclidean distance was 2.5, the wild P. calleryana could be divided into 2 categories and 7 sub-categories, indicating that the wild P. calleryana resources had strong resistance. The requirements for environmental conditions during the growth process are not high. The wide P. calleryana sustained higher morphological diversity. And they were relevant to environmental factors. However, due to environmental destruction and human urbanization, wild P. calleryana resources are gradually decreasing, so effective measures should be taken to protect the P. calleryana. |
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