| 罗立娜,韩树全.油梨开花物候期及花器官特征观察[J].中国南方果树,2020,49(1): |
| 油梨开花物候期及花器官特征观察 |
| Observation on Blooming Phenophase and Floral Characteristics of Avocado |
| 投稿时间：2019-05-28 修订日期：2019-07-28 |
| DOI：10.13938/j.issn.1007-1431.20190307 |
| 中文关键词: 油梨 开花 物候期 花器官特性 |
| 英文关键词:Avocado Blossom Phenological phase Floral Characteristics |
| 基金项目:贵州省农业科学院项目[黔农科院青年基金项目[2018]32号]：油梨种质资源评价、鉴选与利用；贵州省科技厅项目[黔科合支撑[2019]2268号]：油梨良种配套栽培技术集成研究；2019年农业部“滇桂黔石漠化地区油梨品种筛选及配套关键技术集成示范”；2019年农业农村部热作技术试验示范项目“油梨等热带优稀果树新品种选育及技术试验示范”。 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 以不同品种油梨为材料，分析其开花物候期的变异规律，了解油梨花器官特性。结果表明：不同品种油梨的开花物候期存在差异，变异系数为14.63％～73.68％，开花期在2月下旬至4月上旬，花期持续时间变化范围在25-35天，以富尔特开花最早，哈斯开花次之，桂研5号和桂研10号开花最晚。不同品种油梨在花器官特征存在一定的差异，总体来说，油梨花为聚伞圆锥花序，着生位置有顶生或居间，属于完全花。花瓣颜色为绿色、黄绿色，花柱直立，均有花粉和蜜腺，但在花序主轴长、花序长度、花序宽度、花柄长度、小花数、小花直径及花瓣长度方面存在差异。此研究结果在指导实际生产、合理配置品种及杂交育种等方面具有重要参考意义。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to understand the biological characteristics of flowering of avocado, with different varieties of avocado, flowering phenology and Floral Characteristics growth characteristics research.The results showed that there were differences on Blooming Phenophase of different cultivars of avocado, and the?variation coefficient?were 14.63％～73.68％. The flowering of 4 varieties of avocado occurred from late February to early April in the area , the flowering stage maintained for 25-35 days, and Fuerte is the earliest blooming species, followed by Haas, Guiyan5 and Guiyan 10. There are some differences in Floral Characteristics among different cultivars of avocado.In general, avocado''s flowers are small and dense, belonging to the complete flower, its inflorescence position is terminal or middle, cyme panicle, petal color is green, yellow-green, upright style, containing pollen and nectar. There are differences in the length of main axis, length, width, petiole length, floret number, floret diameter and petal length of inflorescence in different cultivars of avocado. The results of this study has important reference meaning on direct practical production,the rational allocation of cultivated varieties and hybrid breeding and other aspects. |
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