| 魏立本.重庆油橄榄园土壤养分状况调查与分析[J].中国南方果树,2020,49(1): |
| 重庆油橄榄园土壤养分状况调查与分析 |
| Investigation and analysis of soil nutrient status in chongqing olive orchards |
| 投稿时间：2019-06-25 修订日期：2019-09-09 |
| DOI：10.13938/j.issn.1007-1431.20190355 |
| 中文关键词: 重庆 油橄榄 土壤 养分 |
| 英文关键词:Chongqing Olive Soil Nutrient |
| 基金项目:重庆市社会事业与民生保障科技创新专项重点研发项目（cstc2017shms-zdyf0291） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为了解重庆油橄榄园土壤养分的含量状况，在重庆油橄榄主产区选取了32个代表性油橄榄园采集土壤样品进行测定分析。结果表明，重庆油橄榄园土壤多呈碱性，71.88%的果园土壤pH适宜油橄榄生长。土壤有机质含量偏低，偏低比例达到59.38%。土壤全氮和速效钾含量比较丰富，分别有75.00%和68.75%的果园达到适宜以上水平。81.25%的果园土壤碱解氮含量严重缺乏，78.12%的果园土壤有效磷含量处于低量或缺乏水平。土壤交换性钙含量丰富，71.88%的果园达到过量水平。土壤交换性镁含量较高，68.75%的果园达到适宜以上水平。土壤有效铁和有效锌含量不同程度偏低，处于缺乏或低量的比例分别占到37.5%和56.62%。土壤有效硼严重不足，缺乏或低量的比例达到100.00%。因此，重庆油橄榄园在生产上应重视增施有机肥，注意氮、磷肥合理搭配使用和铁、锌、硼等微肥的补充，以实现油橄榄生产提质增效。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to evaluate the status of soil nutrient contents in the olive orchard of Chongqing, 32 representative olive orchards in Chongqing were selected to collect soil samples for determination and analysis. The results showed that the soil of olive orchard in Chongqing was mostly alkaline, and 71.88% of the soil pH was suitable for olive growth. Soil organic matter content was low, and the proportion was 59.38%. Soil total N and available K content were relatively rich, 75% and 68.75% of orchards reached the appropriate level. 81.25% of the orchard soils were seriously deficient in available N, and 78.12% of the orchard soils were in low or deficient levels of available P. Soil exchangeable Ca content was abundant, 71.88% of orchards reached excessive levels. The content of exchangeable Mg in soil was higher, 68.75% of orchards reached the appropriate level. The contents of available Fe and Zn in soil were low in varying degrees, accounting for 37.50% and 56.62% respectively. Soil available B is seriously insufficient, and the proportion of deficiency or low amount is 100.00%. Therefore, more attention should be paid to the application of organic fertilizer, the rational combination of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers and the supplementation of Fe, Zn and B in the production of olive in Chongqing so as to improve the quality and efficiency of olive production. |
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