| 胡福初,周文静,陈哲,周瑞云,王美香,王祥和.早熟荔枝新品种‘桂早荔’在海南陵水的引种表现[J].中国南方果树,2020,49(1): |
| 早熟荔枝新品种‘桂早荔’在海南陵水的引种表现 |
| Introduction Performance of Early Maturing Litchi Cultivar ‘Guizaoli’ in Lingshui, Hainan |
| 投稿时间：2019-07-29 修订日期：2019-10-07 |
| DOI：10.13938/j.issn.1007-1431.20190422 |
| 中文关键词: 荔枝 早熟 桂早荔 引种表现 |
| 英文关键词:Litchi Early maturity Guizaoli Introduction performance |
| 基金项目:海南省重点研发计划项目（ZDYF2018222）；国家荔枝龙眼产业技术体系海口综合试验站（CARS-32-26） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 【目的】引进和培育早熟优良荔枝新品种，进一步优化海南荔枝品种结构。【方法】基于‘桂早荔’早熟、优质、丰产稳产等经济性状，引进该品种在海南陵水进行适应性及生产试验研究，以当地主栽品种‘妃子笑’以及特早熟品种‘三月红’为对照，观察其植物学特性、生物学特性、物候期、果实性状等表现。【结果】自2005年以来‘桂早荔’先后引入到海南省陵水县本号、文罗等乡镇种植，经过多年的引种观测，发现‘桂早荔’能够很好地适应引种地的气候和环境条件，树体生长健壮，成花比较容易，开花坐果正常，病虫害发生一般，果实品质性状优良，丰产稳产性较好，平均每公顷产量达到18000 kg。果实成熟期在4月中旬，比当地主栽品种‘妃子笑’提早成熟15 d左右，具有很好的早熟优势。引种期间，该品种于2012年6月通过广西农作物品种审定委员会认定。【结论】‘桂早荔’为早熟品种，综合经济性状良好，值得在海南陵水等荔枝早熟产区适度推广种植。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| 【Objective】Introduction and cultivation of new litchi cultivars which are early matured and have good fruit quality, thus optimizing the structure of litchi varieties in Hainan. 【Method】According to the new cultivar ‘Guizaoli’, which was characterized by very early maturity, high quality, high and stable yield, we introduced it into Lingshui County for regional adaptation and production test, and observed the botanical characteristics, biological characteristics, phenological period, fruit traits, etc. The local main cultivar ‘Feizixiao’ and the very early matured cultivar ‘Sanyuehong’ were used as controls. 【Result】Since 2005, ‘Guizaoli’ has been introduced to Benhao, Wenluo and other towns in Lingshui County. After years of introduction and planting, it has been found that ‘Guizaoli’ can adapt very well to the local climate and environment, and the main performances were as follows: the trees growed strongly, the flowering and fruit setting were normal and stable, no special pests and diseases were found, the fruit quality traits were excellent, and the average yield per hectare was up to 18000 kg.. The fruit maturation period of ‘Guizaoli’ was in the middle of April, about 15 days earlier than ‘Feizixiao’, which has an excellent advantage of very early maturity. During this period of time, ‘Guizaoli’ was examined and approved by Crop Variety Authorization Committee of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in June, 2012. 【Conclusion】‘Guizaoli’ is a very early maturing cultivar, which has good comprehensive economic characters, and it is worthy to properly expand planting in the early maturing litchi production area in Hainan. |
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