| 李昕照,李俊豪,宋宇琴.种植油菜对‘玉露香梨’坐果及果实品质的影响[J].中国南方果树,2020,49(3): |
| 种植油菜对‘玉露香梨’坐果及果实品质的影响 |
| Effects of planting rape on Fruit setting and Fruit quality of |
| 投稿时间：2019-11-14 修订日期：2019-12-04 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 梨 油菜 访花昆虫 果实品质 |
| 英文关键词:pear rape flower visiting insect fruit quality |
| 基金项目: |
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| 摘要点击次数: 1753 |
| 全文下载次数: 1 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 为明确梨树行间种植油菜在改善梨果品质方面的作用,本试验比较了行间清耕和行间种植油菜处理下梨园土壤养分和访花昆虫情况,分析了梨果实坐果率、脱萼率及果实品质。结果表明,行间种植油菜较行间清耕处理显著提高了梨园土壤中速效磷和速效钾含量,增幅为36.6%和11.2%,此外可以增加昆虫特别是蜜蜂的访问量,减少金龟子的访问量；与行间清耕+自然授粉相比,行间种植油菜+自然授粉与人工授粉处理均可显著提高梨坐果率和脱萼率,增加果实重量和减小果实偏斜率；同时,行间种植油菜+自然授粉处理下梨果实可溶性固形物和总糖含量均最高,达13.83%和9.45%。行间种植油菜可以提高梨园土壤营养和授粉昆虫的数量,增加梨坐果和改善果实品质。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to clarify the role of pear inter-row planting rape in improving pear fruit quality, this experiment compared the soil nutrients and flower visiting insects in pear orchard under the treatment of clear tillage and inter-row planting rape, and analyzed the fruit setting rate, calyx removal rate and fruit quality. The results showed that the contents of available phosphorus and potassium in the soil of pear orchard were significantly increased by 36.6% and 11.2%, and the visits of insects, especially bees, were increased, beetles were reduced; Compared with inter-row tillage + natural pollination, inter-row rape + natural pollination and artificial pollination could significantly increased the fruit setting rate and calyx removal rate, increased the fruit weight and reduced the fruit deviation slope. At the same time, the contents of soluble solids and total sugar in pear fruit under rape+natural pollination treatment were the highest, up to 13.83% and 9.45%, respectively. Planting rape between rows can increase the soil nutrition of pear orchard and the number of pollinating insects, improve the fruit setting and fruit quality of pear. |
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