| 杨技超,李苇洁,韩振诚,何茂梅,罗充.贵州猕猴桃主栽品种柱头可授性研究[J].中国南方果树,2020,49(2): |
| 贵州猕猴桃主栽品种柱头可授性研究 |
| Stigma receptivity of main kiwifruit varieties in Guizhou |
| 投稿时间：2019-11-20 修订日期：2019-12-15 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 猕猴桃 开花动态 柱头可授性 花粉活力 |
| 英文关键词:Kiwifruit Florl dynamics Stigma receptivity Pollen viability |
| 基金项目:贵州省科技支撑计划项目(黔科合支撑[2017]2569)；贵州省科学技术基金计划(黔科合基础[2016]1140)；省市科技合作项目(52020-2016-S-KT-001)；贵州省科研机构创新能力建设项目(黔科合服企[2019]4004) |
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| 摘要点击次数: 1978 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 【目的】为探寻红阳、贵长猕猴桃的高效授粉时间,应对优质授粉雄株与待授雌株花期不遇问题。【方法】分别于一日内不同时间及不同开花天数,用联苯胺-过氧化氢法测试红阳与贵长的柱头可授性。用流式细胞仪检测授粉雄株倍性。离体培养法检测授粉雄株花粉活力。【结果】红阳和贵长整个花期内柱头均有可授性,红阳和贵长均在开花第一天和第二天柱头可授性较强,一天内红阳11:00-16:00,贵长09:00-16:00柱头可授性较强。4种花粉在-80℃干燥保存一年后花粉活力(49.6%-70.1%)可满足猕猴桃生产需求。【结论】红阳和贵长整个花期内柱头均有可授性,可在花开较多时,集中在11：00-16:00对红阳授粉,09:00-16:00对贵长授粉,不必频繁授粉。花粉在-80℃干燥保存,可用于次年授粉以应对雌雄花期不遇问题。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| 【Objective】Theaim of this research is to find efficient pollination time of Hongyang and Guichang kiwifruit; coping with the problems of asynchronous flowering period between high quality pollinizer and female plant. 【Methods】Bring the microscope into the orchard, instant test stigma receptivity. set up experiments at different time of the day and the number of days of flowering, testing the stigma receptivity of Hongyang kiwifruit and Guichang kiwifruit with benzidine-hydrogen peroxide method. Ploidy detection of pollinizer by flow cytometry. The pollen viability of pollinizers was determined by pollen in vitro culture method. 【Results】Stigma receptivity of Hongyang and Guichang are receptive throughout the flowering period. Both Hongyang and Guichang showed the highest stigma receptivity on the first and second day of flowering. Hongyang showed the highest stigma receptivity at 11:00-16:00 in a day, Guichang showed the highest stigma receptivity at 09:00-16:00 in a day. Pollen viability of 4 different kiwi pollen after drying at -80 °C for one year is that Hongyang 49.6%, Hexiong 55.8%, Guichang 70.1%, Guishan M1 59.2%, the germination rate meets kiwi production requirements. 【Conclusion】 Both Hongyang and Guichang are receptive for the stigma throughout the flowering period, so you don"t have to let the workers pollinate frequently. Pollinating Hongyang at 11:00-16:00 and pollinating Guichang at 09:00-16:00 when a lot of flowers are opened. When encountering the problems of asynchronous flowering period between high quality pollinizer and female plant, pollen can be dried at -80 °C until the next year, this will solve the problems of asynchronous flowering period and make kiwi production more efficient and quality. |
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