| 李焕苓,张蕾,王果,王树军,李芳,王家保.不同品种花粉对母本荔枝果实品质的影响[J].中国南方果树,2020,49(6): |
| 不同品种花粉对母本荔枝果实品质的影响 |
| Effects of Different Pollination Cultivars on Fruit Quality of Litchi |
| 投稿时间：2020-05-29 修订日期：2020-06-22 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 荔枝果实 花粉直感 果实品质 主成分分析 综合评价 |
| 英文关键词:litchi fruit metaxenia fruit quality principal component analysis comprehensive evaluation |
| 基金项目: |
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| 摘要点击次数: 1840 |
| 全文下载次数: 2 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 以海南特色大果型荔枝品种‘新球蜜荔’和‘紫娘喜’为杂交母本，利用具备早熟、焦（无）核的荔枝品种‘三月红’、‘妃子笑’、‘桂早荔’、‘无核荔’和‘白糖罂’的花粉进行人工授粉试验，研究其对当年果实品质的影响。分别对当年果实的单果重、果皮重、果核重、果皮厚度、可食率、可溶性固形物含量、可滴定酸含量、固酸比、果实纵径、横径和侧径等11个指标进行方差分析和主成分分析，建立了不同杂交母本对应授粉组合果实品质的综合评价模型，综合评价了不同杂交组合果实的综合品质。研究发现：不同授粉组合当年果实的外观品质和内在品质指标方面有差异，部分与自然授粉比呈显著差异。可见，荔枝上存在花粉直感现象。运用主成分分析法对不同杂交组合当年果实综合品质排序，发现不同年份、杂交母本有相似花粉直感效应规律，表现为当年果实综合品质排名为：三月红＞白糖罂＞桂早荔＞自然授粉（新球蜜荔或紫娘喜）＞妃子笑。但无核荔枝授粉新球蜜荔时当年果实综合品质优于自然授粉，而无核荔枝授粉紫娘喜时当年果实综合品质劣于自然授粉。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To study the effects of different pollination cultivars on fruit quality of litchi, the big fruit type cultivars ‘xinqiumili’ and ‘ziniangxi’ which originated from Hainan were used as the female parent, the early-maturing or seed abortion cultivars were used as the male parent to complete artificial pollination, such as: sanyuehong, feizixiao, guizaoli, wuheli and baitangying. 11 quality indicators were analyzed by variance and principal component, included single fruit weight, peel weight, seed weight, peel thickness, edible rate, total soluble solid,, titrable acid, solid-acid ratio, longitudinal diameter, transverse diameter and lateral diameter, respectively. The comprehensive evaluation model of fruit quality of different pollination combinations was established. The results showed that both the external and internal fruit quality indexes of different pollination combinations were different, and some of them were significantly different than the natural pollination. It can be seen that there are metaxenia effects on litchi. The principal component analysis method was used to rank the comprehensive fruit qualities of different hybrid combinations. It was found that different years or different female parents had the similar metaxenia effects. The comprehensive fruit quality was ranked. The pollination cultivars Sanyuehong, Baitangying, Guizaoli were orderly better than the natural pollination, while feizixiao was the lowest one. When wuheli and xinqiumili were used as the male and female parents respectively, the comprehensive fruit quality was better than the natural pollination. And yet, when wuheli and ziniangxi were used as the male and female parents respectively, the comprehensive fruit quality was lower than the natural pollination. |
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