| 何堂熹,罗聪,刘源,周立,杨小州,范志毅,江唐鑫,李峰,方中斌,何新华.生草栽培对杧果园土壤生境和果实品质的影响[J].中国南方果树,2021,50(5): |
| 生草栽培对杧果园土壤生境和果实品质的影响 |
| Effects of grass cultivation on soil habitat and fruit quality in mango orchards |
| 投稿时间：2020-08-28 修订日期：2020-10-11 |
| DOI：10.13938/j.issn.1007-1431.20200603 |
| 中文关键词: 杧果 生草 土壤理化性质 果实品质 |
| 英文关键词:mango growing grasses physical and chemical properties of soil fruit quality |
| 基金项目: |
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| 摘要点击次数: 1773 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为了探讨杧果园生草对果园土壤理化性质和果实品质的影响,筛选出适宜草种。本试验以桂热芒82号为试材,清耕为对照,全园种植紫花苕子、矮扁豆、自然生草、白花三叶草,研究不同生草种类对杧果园土壤理化性质以及果实品质的影响。结果表明：白花三叶草和自然生草处理,可以自然越冬,次年无需再播,矮扁豆和紫花苕子次年需要再播。当年刈割一次回填可以改良土壤理化性质。除白花三叶草外,果园生草可以提高土壤有机质含量,最高的是紫花苕子,达14.33 g/kg；所有生草处理刈割回填后可以提高30cm深度的土壤阳离子交换量；生草会降低土壤碱解氮含量,降低最多的为白花三叶草；白花三叶草可以显著提高有效钾含量和有效磷含量最高；交换性钙含量和交换性镁含量以自然生草的最高。生草栽培能提高土壤微生物总量,但与对照比,差异不明显。种植白花三叶草的土壤过氧化氢酶活性最高,土壤脲酶活性和土壤磷酸酶活性与土壤氮素、磷素含量有关,白花三叶草和矮扁豆降低了土壤蔗糖酶活性。生草栽培可提高芒果可溶性固形物、维生素C含量及糖酸比,整体影响以种植紫花苕子表现较佳。因此,杧果园生草可以优先选择紫花苕子,有灌溉条件的也可选择白花三叶草,但前期都需要及时补充土壤养分。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to investigate the effects of mango orchards growing grasses on soil physical and chemical properties and fruit quality, suitable grass seeds were screened out. In this experiment, “Guire No.82”was used as the test material, and clear cultivation was used as the control. The garden was planted with purple vetch, lentils, natural grass, and white flower clover. The results showed that after mowing the grass once, the content of soil organic matter (except white clover), the number of microorganisms, and the amount of soil cation exchange could be increased, and the soil pH value, soil-related enzyme activity, and soil nutrients could be adjusted. The contents of organic matter, cation exchange amount, soil microorganism increase amount, soil invertase activity, soil catalase activity, and soluble sugar and sugar-acid ratio of fruit were significantly increased compared with the control. The content of alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen in the treatment of grass decreased, the contents of available phosphorus, exchangeable calcium, and exchangeable magnesium in white flower clover and natural grass increased significantly compared with the control. The |
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