| 于宁宁,杨器,叶小滢,谢芳芳,李广泽,曹明章,秦永华.不同品种砧木及嫁接方法对有刺黄龙果嫁接育苗的影响[J].中国南方果树,2021,50(5): |
| 不同品种砧木及嫁接方法对有刺黄龙果嫁接育苗的影响 |
| Effect of different rootstocks and grafting methods on the grafting seedlings of thorny yellow pitaya |
| 投稿时间：2020-10-16 修订日期：2021-01-08 |
| DOI：10.13938/j.issn.1007-1431.20200697 |
| 中文关键词: 有刺黄龙果 嫁接育苗 嫁接方法 砧木 |
| 英文关键词:Thorny yellow pitaya grafting seedling grafting method rootstock |
| 基金项目:广东省2018年重点领域研发计划“现代种业”重大科技专项（2018B020202011）；广东省农业农村厅火龙果良种重大科研;湛江市科技计划重大科技创新平台和项目引进专题（2019A01003） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为改善有刺黄龙果在引种地区的生长势，提高其抗逆性，本研究探讨了不同砧木和嫁接方法对有刺黄龙果嫁接育苗的影响，以期筛选到适宜有刺黄龙果的砧木和嫁接方法。结果表明，不同砧木和嫁接方法对有刺黄龙果的成活率、出芽率和新芽长势有显著影响。嫁接30天时，芽接、楔接、套接和平接法的愈合率显著高于插接和靠接法。嫁接45天时，平接、靠接和楔接法的出芽率较高，分别是76.7%、76.7%和66.7%。嫁接苗田间定植2个月时，平接、靠接和楔接法嫁接苗长势较快。其中楔接法嫁接效率高，适合工厂化批量嫁接。白肉品种‘无刺黄龙’和红肉品种‘金都1号’、‘富贵红’是有刺黄龙果嫁接的优良砧木，嫁接2个月时出芽率分别为86.7%、90.0%和86.7%，且新芽高度和宽度均大于其他砧木。综上所述，适宜有刺黄龙果规模化嫁接育苗的嫁接方法是楔接法，砧木是‘金都1号’、‘富贵红’和‘无刺黄龙’。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To improve growth vigor and resistance of thorny yellow pitaya, effects of different rootstocks and grafting methods on the grafting seedlings of thorny yellow pitaya were explored. The results indicated that grafting methods and rootstocks had significant effects on the survival rate, shooting rate and growth vigor of new buds. The healing rates of bud grafting, wedge grafting, tubular budding and flat grafting were significantly higher than that of cuttage grafting and inarching grafting after 30 days of grafting. After 45 days of grafting, the shooting rates of flat grafting, inarching grafting and wedge grating were 76.7%, 76.7% and 66.7%, respectively, which were higher than the others. The grafting seedlings of flat grafting, inarching grafting and wedge grafting showed better growth vigor than the other methods after planting in the field for two months. Among these methods, wedge grafting was suitable for grafting of thorny yellow pitaya at large-scale in term of higher efficiency. The white-flesh pitaya ‘thornless yellow pitaya’ and the red-flesh pitaya, ‘Jingdu 1’ and ‘Fuguihong’ were the suitable rootstocks according to shooting rates, shoot height and width of their grafting seedlings. After two months of grafting, shooting rates were 86.7%, 90.0% and 86.7% for ‘thornless yellow pitaya’, ‘Jingdu 1’ and ‘Fuguihong’, respectively. And the shoot height and width of their grafting seedlings were higher than that of the other rootstocks. Those results suggested that ‘Jingdu 1’, ‘Fuguihong’ and ‘thornless yellow pitaya’ were suitable rootstocks and the best grafting method was wedge grafting for large-scale grafting for thorny yellow pitaya. |
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