| 何书强,陈华蕊,杨子琴.不同修剪方式对番荔枝生产的影响初报[J].中国南方果树,2022,51(1): |
| 不同修剪方式对番荔枝生产的影响初报 |
| Preliminary report on the influence of different pruning methods on sugar apple (Annona squamosa L.) production |
| 投稿时间：2021-01-14 修订日期：2021-05-21 |
| DOI：10.13938/j.issn.1007-1431.20210026 |
| 中文关键词: 番荔枝 短截 摘叶 新芽 花芽 |
| 英文关键词:sugar apple cutting back defoliation new shoots flower bud |
| 基金项目: |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 番荔枝通过修剪可春秋两季成花坐果，为了弄清哪种修剪方式更有利于番荔枝生产，本研究比较了春季9种修剪方式对新芽萌发、花芽抽生、新芽可溶性糖含量、果实产量品质的影响；并比较了秋季3种修剪方式对新芽萌发及果实产量品质的影响。结果表明：春季短截+摘叶处理在5d内全部萌发新芽，不摘叶较摘叶处理新芽萌发延迟；春季不短截情况下，枝条去顶后只留顶部叶片更容易促进枝条基部萌发花芽。春季短截枝条虽然抽生花芽时间比不短截枝条提早约一周，但是短截与不短截枝条新芽抽生出花蕾的时间基本相同，且不短截枝条萌发的新芽初期可溶性糖含量、后期产量及商品果比例也较高。秋季短截外围1/3、2/3及全部枝条并摘叶对新芽萌发有相近的效果，均在处理后5-6d萌发；秋季短截外围2/3枝条并摘叶处理挂果率适中，优质商品果比例达75%，产量高。综上认为海南岛春季以正常修剪留中间枝短截外围枝条并留顶端2个芽点进行番荔枝生产为宜；秋季以短截外围2/3枝条结合摘叶留叶柄进行番荔枝生产效果最佳；并建议以秋季番荔枝生产为主。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to understand which pruning method is the best for sugar apple production in different seasons, we compared the effects of 9 pruning methods in spring on new sprout germination, flower bud blooming and soluble sugar content of new sprouts. Compared the effects of 3 pruning methods on sprout germination, fruit yield and quality in autumn. The results showed all the new shoots germinated within 5 days of cutting back + defoliation in spring. Cutting back did not defoliation to delay the germination of new shoots in spring. It is easier to promote the germination of flower buds at the base of the without cutting back branches in spring. Although spring cutting back branches sprout about a week earlier than the cutting back branches, the cutting back branch produce buds was almost the same as the time when no cutting back branch, and the content of no cutting back branch soluble sugar was higher in the early stage of germination of new shoots. In autumn, the effects of cutting back 1/3, 2/3, all branches + defoliation were similar on the germination of new buds, all of them germinated 5-6 days after treatment. Cutting back 2/3 periphery branches and defoliation were suitable for fruit loading, and the proportion of high-quality commercial fruit reaches 75%, high yield at the same time. As a result, it is advisable to thin the outer branches cutting back and keep 2 terminal axillary buds in the spring. 2/3 periphery branches cutting back + defoliation can be used to produce the best sugar apple in autumn. And we suggest focusing on the production of autumn sugar apples. |
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