| 刘燕琴,刘正宇,刘春雷,曹敏,张军.极小种群植物“川柿”生物学特性及种子萌发方法研究[J].中国南方果树,2021,50(4): |
| 极小种群植物“川柿”生物学特性及种子萌发方法研究 |
| Study on biological characteristics and seed germination characteristic of endangered species of Diospyros sutchuensis Yang |
| 投稿时间：2021-04-12 修订日期：2021-05-12 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 极小种群植物 川柿 生物学 种子 萌发 |
| 英文关键词:Plant species with extremely small populations Diospyros sutchuensis Yang biological characteristics seed germination characteristic. |
| 基金项目:中国西南地区极小种群野生植物资源信息库与种质保存,“2017FY100105”子项目；重庆市第二次全国重点保护野生植物资源调查,重庆市林业局项目。第一作者：刘燕琴(1976年),女,副研究员,从事中药材种植及资源研究。E-mail：360713467@qq.com通讯作者：张军,副研究员,植物资源研究。 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 摘 要：【目的】为了保护和发展极小种群植物川柿，开展此研究。【方法】采用观测法，连续3年对其生物学特性研究；种子萌发方法：（1）后熟0、30、45、60天，剥离清洗播种；（2）后熟60天，以GA300、600、1000 mg/L溶液浸种1h；播种基质为河沙（保持一定湿度），放置室内，统计萌发时间和出苗率。【结果】（1）川柿花期4-5月，10月为果熟期，单果直径32.7±5.80mm，单果重23.0±5.30g；种子肾形、千粒重1070g；成年植株呈隔年开花、结果现象；（2）种子经“后熟+河沙播种”，可萌发，其中以后熟60天的出苗率较高，为65%；直接播种种子，出苗率5%；“后熟+GA溶液浸种+河沙播种”，出苗率均高于65%，其中以GA600mg/L浸泡1h处理，出苗率最高为83.3%。【结论】极小种群植物川柿为常绿叶乔木，有隔年开花、结果现象； “果后熟60天+GA600mg/L浸泡种子1h +室内河沙播种”可提高种子萌发率，为川柿种子繁殖提供参考。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Abstract: [Objective] To protect and develop the endangered species of Diospyros sutchuensis Yang, this study was carried out; [Methods] Observation methods were used to study the biological characteristics of the seeds for 3 consecutive years; seed germination methods: (1) ripening 0, 30, 45, 60 days, stripping, cleaning and sowing; (2) ripening 60 days, Soak the seeds with GA300, 600, 1000 mg/L solution for 1h; the sowing substrates are all river sand (maintain a certain humidity), placed indoors, and the germination time and emergence rate are counted.; [Results] (1) Biological characteristics of Diospyros sutchuensis persimmon: flowering and new bud were observed in April and May, fruit ripening stage was observed in October, single fruit diameter was 32.7±5.80mm, and single fruit weight was 23.0±5.30g. Kidney - shaped seed, 1000-seed weight about 1070g; Adult plants were flowering and bearing fruit every other year. (2) The seeds can germinate after "ripening + sand storage", among which the 60-day ripening rate of emergence is better, 65%; It takes 7-8 months for direct sowing seeds to have a small amount of germination, and the emergence rate is 5%; "ripening" +GA solution soaking + sand storage", in which GA600mg/L soaked for 1h, the emergence rate was 83.3%; [Conclusion] The adult plants of Diospyros sutchuensis were flowering and bearing fruit every other year, After the fruit ripening treatment for 60 days, the stripped seeds are soaked in GA600mg/L solution for 1 hour, and then sowed with river sand, which can increase the seed germination rate and establish a seed propagation method. |
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