| 陈圆,吉训聪.百香果茎基腐病病原鉴定及室内毒力测定[J].中国南方果树,2022,51(6): |
| 百香果茎基腐病病原鉴定及室内毒力测定 |
| Identification of The Stem-based Rot Pathogen of Passion Fruit and Indoor Toxicity Measurement |
| 投稿时间：2021-09-27 修订日期：2021-10-28 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 百香果 镰刀菌 病原鉴定 毒力测定 |
| 英文关键词:Passion fruit Fusarium Pathogenic Identification Toxicity measurement |
| 基金项目:海南省省属科研院所技术开发专项，项目编号：JBKYYWF-2021 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 茎基腐病是百香果毁灭性病害之一。本研究结合症状观察、病原菌分离纯化、致病性测定和分子鉴定等手段，确定了病原种类，进而采用菌丝生长速率法和孢子萌发法对其进行室内毒力测定，以期筛选出高效防控药剂。结果表明：病原菌有典型的镰刀菌特征，其ITS序列与腐皮镰刀菌（Fusarium solani）的多条序列聚在同一分支上，相似性达100%，说明百香果茎腐病的病原为腐皮镰刀菌（Fusarium solani）。室内毒力测定的6种药剂中，250g/L升苯醚甲环唑乳油对菌丝生长的抑制效果最明显，EC50为0.3372 mg/L，其次是450g/L咪鲜胺水乳剂和70%甲基硫菌灵可湿性粉剂，EC50分别为0.4749 mg/L和0.7172mg/L；但镰刀菌孢子萌发测试表明， 450g/L咪鲜胺水乳剂浓度为9mg/L时的抑制效果最好，为74.78%，其次是70%甲基硫菌灵可湿性粉剂1400mg/L和250g/L苯醚甲环唑乳油250mg/L，分别为58.89%和33.67%，30%噁霉灵水剂效果最差，浓度为600mg/L时，抑制率接近于0。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The stem-based rot is one of devastating diseases of passion fruit. In this study, the pathogen species were studied by means of field symptom observation, indoor isolation and purification, pathogenicity determination and morphological and molecular identification,and the methods of mycelium growth rate and spore germination method were used to determine its toxicity in laboratory,in order to screen out the highly effective prevention and control agents.. The results showed that the pathogen had typical characteristics of Fusarium, and their ITS sequences were clustered on the same branch with several sequences of Fusarium solani, and the similarity reached 100%, indicating that the pathogen of passion fruit stem rot was Fusarium solani. In the indoor toxicity test,the results showed that 250 g/L Dfenoconazole EC had obvious inhibition effect on the growth of mycelium. with the EC50 value of 0.3372 mg/L. 450 g/L Prochloraz EW and 70% Thiophanate-methyl WP had the second better inhibition effect on the growth of mycelium, with the EC50 value of 0.4749 mg/L and 0.7172mg/L, respectively. However,Fusarium spore germination tests indicated, 450 g/L Prochloraz EW had the best inhibition effect on the toxicity measurement of fusarium spores when the concentration was 9 mg/L, with the inhibition rate of 74.78%, followed as 70% Thiophanate-methyl WP and 250 g/L Dfenoconazole EC, with the inhibition rate of 58.89% and 33.67%, respectively.30% hymexazol WA had no obvious inhibition effect on the toxicity measurement of fusarium spores. The inhibition rate of this fungicide closed to zero when the concentration was 600mg/mL. |
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