| 杜婵娟,杨 迪,张 晋,叶云峰,潘连富,付 岗.百香果采后果腐病菌的生物学特性及其杀菌剂毒力测定[J].中国南方果树,2022,51(6): |
| 百香果采后果腐病菌的生物学特性及其杀菌剂毒力测定 |
| Biological Characteristics of the Pathogen and Toxicity Test of Fungicides to postharvest fruit rot on passion fruit |
| 投稿时间：2021-10-28 修订日期：2022-01-14 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 百香果 果腐病 可可毛色二孢 生物学特性 毒力测定 |
| 英文关键词:Passiflora edulis postharvest fruit rot Lasiodiplodia theobromae biological characteristics toxicity test |
| 基金项目:广西农业科学院基本科研业务专项（2021YT069）、广西农业科学院科技发展基金（桂农科2021JM69，桂农科2020ZX10） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 可可毛色二孢（Lasiodiplodia theobromae）引起的百香果采后果腐病是黄果百香果上发生的一种新病害。为明确该病原菌的生物学特性，本研究采用生长速率法测定了不同温度、pH、碳源、氮源和光照对病原菌生长的影响，并测定了14种杀菌剂对该病原菌的室内毒力。结果表明，病原菌的最适生长pH为4.5~5.5，最适生长温度为31~34 ℃；其可利用蔗糖、甘油、D-半乳糖等11种供试碳源；可利用硫酸铵、氯化铵、L-天冬酰胺等11种供试氮源，尿素为最难利用的氮源；不同光照条件对其菌丝生长的影响差异不显著。14种供试杀菌剂对病原菌的菌丝生长均具有一定的抑制作用，其中戊唑醇和丙环唑的毒力较高，其EC50值分别为0.0072 mg·L-1和0.7067 mg·L-1，均小于1 mg·L-1；其EC95值分别为90.5459 mg·L-1和33.1295 mg·L-1，均小于100 mg·L-1。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Postharvest fruit rot caused by Lasiodiplodia theobromae was a new disease on passion fruit. In order to clarify the biological characteristics of the pathogen, the method of mycelial growth rate was investigated the different temperature, pH, carbon source, nitrogen source and light conditions on the growth of the pathogen, and also the toxicity of fourteen fungicides to the pathogen. The results showed that the optimum growth pH was 4.5~5.5, the optimum growth temperature was 31~34 ℃. Pathogen could grow on all tested carbon sources, such as sucrose, glycerin and D-galactose; and could use all test nitrogen source, such as (NH4)2SO4, NH4Cl and L-asparagine, except urea. Different light conditions had little effect on colony growth of pathogen. Laboratory toxicity test revealed that fourteen fungicides have a certain inhibitory effect on the growth of the mycelium of pathogen. Tebuconazole and propiconazole were higher toxicity to the pathogen. Their EC50 values were 0.0072 mg·L-1 and 0.7067 mg·L-1 respectively, which were less than 1 mg·L-1. And their EC95 values were 90.5459 mg·L-1 and 33.1295 mg·L-1 respectively, which were less than 100 mg·L-1。 |
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