| 陈传武,牛英,付慧敏,刘冰浩,范七君.无核沃柑无核成因研究[J].中国南方果树,2022,51(2): |
| 无核沃柑无核成因研究 |
| Studies on the seedless mechanism of Citrus ‘Or’ |
| 投稿时间：2022-01-06 修订日期：2022-02-22 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 无核沃柑 沃柑 花药发育 亲和性 种子发育 |
| 英文关键词:Or Orah anther development Compatibility seed development |
| 基金项目: |
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| 摘要点击次数: 2126 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探明无核沃柑的无核成因，以沃柑和无核沃柑为试验材料，对其花药发育、自交异交亲和性和种子发育进行了观察研究。结果表明：沃柑和无核沃柑花药发育均不良，表现为花粉囊狭小甚至缺失，产生的花粉粒少，同属于败育型花药。沃柑和无核沃柑异花授粉后，花粉管均能正常生长进入子房室，但产生的种子数差异大；不同授粉组合，沃柑平均每果种子数为10-18.5粒，无核沃柑平均每果种子数为0-1.5粒。沃柑和无核沃柑种子发育动态也不同，沃柑异花授粉后4周胚珠出现明显的大小分化，授粉后12-16周合子胚从球形、心形快速发育成子叶胚，授粉后20周部分子叶胚已占满整个胚囊；无核沃柑异花授粉后2周胚珠已停止发育，部分珠心细胞解体，授粉后10周胚珠组织细胞明显解体萎蔫，授粉后12周完全萎蔫皱缩，形成0.5 mm左右的微小瘪子。研究结果表明，雌性不育、受精受阻或胚早期败育可能是无核沃柑的无核成因。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to explore the seedless mechanism of Or, Orah and Or were observed and compared in terms of anther development, the compatibility of cross-pollination and embryo development. The results showed that the anther development of Orah and Or were both abnormal, Pollen sacs were narrowness and even deleted that led to a small number of pollen grains. After cross-pollination, the pollen tube could grow normally and enter the ovary, but the number of seeds of two varieties was very different. In different pollination combinations, the average number of seeds per fruit was 10-18.5 in Orah and 0-1.5 in Or.The embryo development of Orah and Or were also obviously different. In Orah, there were small and big seeds at 4 weeks after cross-pollination, the zygotic embryo developed rapidly from spherical and heart-shaped to cotyledon embryo at 12-16 weeks after pollination and the bigger cotyledon embryo occupied the whole embryo sac at 20 weeks after pollination. In Or, ovule development stopped and some nucellus cells disintegrated at 2 weeks after pollination, ovule tissue cells disintegrated significantly at 10 weeks after pollination and completely wilted and shrunk at 12 weeks after pollination. The results showed that female infertility, fertilization failure or early embryo abortion were the main reasons for Or's seedless. |
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