| 陈悦,胡志芳,黄先敏,刘丽,冉秋月,程连.苹果废弃枝条与有机肥配用对高原红富士苹果产量和品质的影响[J].中国南方果树,2023,52(2): |
| 苹果废弃枝条与有机肥配用对高原红富士苹果产量和品质的影响 |
| Effects of the combination of discarded apple branches and organic fertilizers on the yield and quality of plateau red Fuji apples |
| 投稿时间：2022-01-23 修订日期：2022-03-27 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 红富士苹果 苹果废弃枝条 有机肥 苹果产量 苹果品质 |
| 英文关键词:red Fuji apple discarded apple branches organic fertilizer apple yield apple quality |
| 基金项目:苹果废弃枝条与有机肥和化肥配用对高原苹果产量和品质的影响 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 摘要：【目的】苹果树修剪掉的枝条是果园最常见的废弃物，探究苹果废弃枝条与有机肥配用直接还田对红富士苹果产量和品质的影响对提高果园废弃资源利用率具有重要意义。【方法】本试验以14年生乔砧红富士果树为对象，将冬季修剪无病虫害的苹果废弃枝条与有机肥配施处理，连续开展了2年定位试验，研究其对红富士苹果产量和品质的影响。【结果】1)与对照比，苹果废弃枝条与有机肥配施，明显提高土壤有机质和氮磷钾主要养分含量，苹果废弃枝条L5（10kg/棵+有机肥60kg/棵）和L6（苹果废弃枝条10kg/棵+有机肥70kg/棵）对果园有机质、碱解性氮、速效磷和速效钾含量提高最高，且L5和L6之间差异性不显著;2)与对照比，苹果废弃枝条与有机肥配施普遍提高单果重、单株结果量和单株产量，2年定位试验中均是L5和L6提高量最高;3)与对照比，苹果废弃枝与有机肥配施可以显著提高苹果果实硬度、可溶性固形物、Vc含量、可溶性糖含量、固酸比、糖酸比。2年定位试验处理相比硬度、可溶性固形物提高范围不显著，L5和L6提高量最高；可溶性糖含量提高10.94%～12.86%、L5提高量最高。【结论】苹果废弃枝条与有机肥配施对土壤肥力、产量及品质均有显著改善，L5为最佳配比比例。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| 【Objectives】The pruned branches of apple trees are the most common waste in orchards. It is of great significance to explore the effect of the direct return of apple waste branches and organic fertilizers on the yield and quality of Red Fuji apples to improve resource utilization. 【Methods】This experiment took the 10-year-old red Fuji fruit trees as the object, and treated the discarded branches of apples pruned without pests and diseases in winter with organic fertilizer, and carried out a 2-year positioning experiment to study the effect on the yield and quality of red Fuji apples. . 【Results】1) Compared with CK, the application of discarded apple branches and organic fertilizers significantly increased soil organic matter and main nutrients of N, P, K, and L5 (10kg/tree + 60kg/tree of organic fertilizer) and L6 (apples) of discarded branches of apples. Waste branches 10kg/tree + organic fertilizer 70kg/tree) had the highest increase in the content of organic matter, hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium in orchards, and there was no significant difference between L5 and L6; 2) The combination of apple waste branches and organic fertilizers Fruit weight per plant, fruit yield per plant and yield per plant were generally increased, and L5 and L6 were the highest in 2a; 3) The combined application of apple waste branches and organic fertilizers could significantly improve apple fruit firmness and soluble solids, compared with 2a treatment The increase range of hardness and soluble solids was not significant. In 2a, L5 and L6 had the highest increase; 2a treatment could significantly increase the soluble sugar content of apple fruit. Compared with 2a, the soluble sugar content increased by 10.94% to 12.86%. L5 increased the highest; 2a treatment can increase the content of Vc, solid-acid ratio, sugar-acid ratio. 【Conclusions】The combined application of discarded apple branches and organic fertilizer can significantly improve soil fertility, yield and quality, and L5 is the best ratio. |
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