| 夏乐晗,黄振宇,陈玉玲.‘早红艳’杏早果优质丰产试验[J].中国南方果树,2022,51(6): |
| ‘早红艳’杏早果优质丰产试验 |
| Cultivation experiment on early maturity with high quality and high yield of ‘Zaohongyan’ apricot |
| 投稿时间：2022-05-13 修订日期：2022-06-15 |
| DOI：10.13938/j.issn.1007-1431.20220291 |
| 中文关键词: 高密度栽植,主干形修剪,施肥,早果优质丰产 |
| 英文关键词:high-density cultivation central leader training and pruning system fertilization early maturity, high quality and high yield |
| 基金项目:中国农业科学院创新工程专项经费项目(CAAS-ASTIP-2016-ZFRI)；重庆市人民政府与中国农业科学院战略合作资助项目；河南省科技兴林项目(YLK202117)；河南省林木种质资源建设项目(2022)；国家园艺种质资源库(NHGRC) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为了解决杏传统栽培管理粗放,生产上普遍存在的成花少、产量低、优质果率低等问题,以自主选育的早熟硬肉杏新品种‘早红艳’为供试材料,采用不同栽植密度、不同修剪方式、不同施肥浓度,开展了早果优质丰产栽培试验示范。试验表明：高密度栽培、主干形修剪、果实膨大期施高钾型全营养大量元素水溶肥的栽培模式,可实现‘早红艳’杏的早果优质丰产,并且果实品质和生产效益大幅度提高,为杏新品种进一步推广应用及发展杏产业提供了技术支持。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to solve the problems of management extensive in apricot traditional cultivation, such as common existence of few flowers, low yield and low quality fruit rate in production, a new cultivar of early maturing and firmness flesh apricot ‘Zaohongyan’ bred by Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, CAAS was used as test material in this experiment. Different planting densities with 2×3m、2 m×4m、2.5m×4m、3m×4m, different pruning methods with free spindle shape, naturally open centre shape and trunk shape, different fertilization concentrations with 0.024kg/L、0.048kg/L、0.072 kg/L and 0.096 kg/L were used to carry out the cultivation experiment demonstration of early fruit with high quality and high yield. The experiment showed that the average yield of a 5-year-old tree is nearly 40 kg of fruit, and the fruit yield during the full fruiting period is estimated to be 42330 kg per hectare with trunk shape pruning at a high-density of 2m×4m, and potassium fertilizer application with 0.048kg/L at fruit expansion stage in newly built orchards could generate early, plentiful yields. Meanwhile, the fruit quality and production |
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