| 钟文奇,伍梦婷,陈双双,贾慧敏,陶俊杰,黄春辉.‘奉黄1号’猕猴桃果实生长发育动态分析[J].中国南方果树,2023,52(4): |
| ‘奉黄1号’猕猴桃果实生长发育动态分析 |
| Dynamic analysis of fruit growth and development of ‘Feng Huang No. 1’kiwifruit |
| 投稿时间：2022-11-21 修订日期：2022-11-21 |
| DOI：10.13938/j.issn.1007-1431.20220689 |
| 中文关键词: 黄肉猕猴桃 ‘奉黄1号’ 果实发育 |
| 英文关键词:yellow flesh kiwi fruit ‘Fenghuang No.1’ Fruit development |
| 基金项目:江西省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项（JXARS-05）；江西省重点研发计划项目（20202BBFL63014）；江西省教育厅重点项目（GJJ210403） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 奉黄1号’猕猴桃为江西本土选育的四倍体黄肉品种，其果实口感细腻、酸甜适中、果型均匀、抗溃疡病。为明确‘奉黄1号’猕猴桃果实的生长发育规律，研究了果实生长发育过程中横纵径、单果重、果实体积、可溶性固形物含量、可溶性糖含量、可滴定酸含量、叶绿素和类胡萝卜素含量等果实品质指标的动态变化特征。结果表明，奉黄1号’猕猴桃果实发育呈双“S”规律变化，盛花后60 d内‘奉黄1号’猕猴桃果实迅速膨大，是其快速生长期；果形指数于盛花后30 d即无明显变化，基本稳定在1.35；干物质含量坐果后持续上升，在盛花后135 d达最大值19.52%；可溶性固形物在果实发育前期保持较低的值，盛花后135d开始迅速增加；可溶性糖和可滴定酸总体呈上升趋势；维生素C含量在果实发育初期含量最高，接着开始下降，在果实发育后期再上升，采收期维生素C含量为最高期（盛花后15d）含量的81.29%；叶绿素a、叶绿素b和类胡萝卜素含量都呈总体下降的变化趋势，但叶绿素含量前后变化大，而类胡萝卜素含量前后变化小。综合考虑，‘奉黄1号’猕猴桃于盛花后60 d内为果实迅速膨大期，果实单果重形成的重要时期，盛花后155-160 d开始为适宜采收期。本研究为‘奉黄1号’猕猴桃制定科学的配套栽培措施提供依据。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The kiwifruit ‘Fenghuang No. 1’ is a tetraploid yellow flesh variety bred in Jiangxi Province. Its fruit tastes delicate, tastes sweet and sour moderately, has uniform fruit shape, and is resistant to canker disease. In order to clarify the growth and development law of ‘Fenghuang No. 1’ kiwi fruit, the dynamic change characteristics of fruit quality indexes such as transverse and longitudinal diameter, single fruit weight, fruit volume, soluble solids content, soluble sugar content, titratable acid content, chlorophyll and carotenoid content were studied during fruit growth and development.The results showed that the fruit development of ''Fenghuang No. 1'' kiwi fruit showed a double “S”law change, and the fruit of'' Fenghuang No. 1 ''kiwi fruit expanded rapidly within 60 days after flowering, which was the rapid growth period; The fruit shape index had no significant change 30 days after flowering, and basically stable at 1.35; The dry matter contentcontinues to rise after fruit setting, and reached a maximum of 19.52% at 135 days after flowering; Soluble solids kept a low value in the early stage of fruit development, and began to increase rapidly 135 days after flowering; Soluble sugar and titratable acid showed an overall upward trend; The content of vitamin C was the highest in the early stage of fruit development, then began to decline, and then rose again in the late stage of fruit development. The content of vitamin C in the harvest period was the highest (15 days after flowering), which was 81.29%; The contents of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and carotenoids has shown a general downward trend, but the chlorophyll content changed greatly before and after, while the carotenoid content changed little before and after. In comprehensive consideration, the fruit of ‘Fenghuang No. 1’ kiwifruit expands rapidly within 60 days after full bloom, and the single fruit weight of the fruit is an important period. The suitable harvest period starts from 155-160 days after full bloom. This study provides a basis for formulating scientific supporting cultivation measures for ‘Fenghuang No. 1’ kiwifruit. |
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