| 陈海生,陈韬略.猕猴桃根腐病感病植株根际土壤酶活性和真菌群落结构[J].中国南方果树,2024,53(2): |
| 猕猴桃根腐病感病植株根际土壤酶活性和真菌群落结构 |
| Soil enzyme activities and fungal community structures in rhizosphere soil of kiwifruit infected and non-infected with root-rot disease |
| 投稿时间：2023-02-17 修订日期：2023-04-24 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 猕猴桃根腐病 高通量测序 根际土壤真菌群落结构 土壤酶活性 |
| 英文关键词:Kiwifruit root rot disease high throughput sequencing fungal community structure in rhizosphere soil activity of soil enzyme |
| 基金项目: |
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| 摘要点击次数: 894 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 【目的】随着我国猕猴桃种植范围和规模的扩大，猕猴桃根腐病的危害也日趋严重。分析猕猴桃根腐病感病植株和未感病植株根际土壤真菌群落变化，可为研究猕猴桃根腐病发生机制及其调控技术提供依据。【方法】以浙江省台州市西部山区的天台县“红阳”猕猴桃种植基地为研究地点，选取连续种植4年的猕猴桃根腐病感病植株和未感病植株根际土壤真菌为研究对象，采用高通量测序技术，对比分析了猕猴桃感病植株和未感病植株根际土壤真菌群落结构与多样性指数的变化，以及测定分析了各处理根际土壤酶包括土壤脲酶、蔗糖酶、酸性磷酸酶活性。【结果】猕猴桃根腐病的发生极显著地降低了其根际土壤脲酶、蔗糖酶、磷酸酶的活性。感病植株根际土壤真菌群落丰富度指数显著低于未感病植株的根际土壤。在门分类水平上，猕猴桃感染根腐病后，其根际土壤真菌相对丰度降低的真菌门有担子菌门、未分类真菌门和接合菌门，其差异均达极显著水平（P<0.01）。其根际土壤真菌相对丰度升高的真菌门有子囊菌门，升高幅度达极显著水平（P<0.01）。在属分类水平上猕猴桃感病植株根际土壤真菌其相对丰度增加的菌群有赤霉属、丛赤壳属、镰刀菌属、假裸囊菌属、肉座菌属，其相对丰度的增加程度均达极显著水平（P<0.01）。其相对丰度降低的有未分类的伞菌纲、枝鼻菌属、粗糙孔菌属、线虫草属、支顶孢属、粪盘菌属、被孢霉属，其降低程度均达极显著水平（P<0.01）。【结论】猕猴桃感染根腐病后，感病植株根际土壤真菌在门和属水平上的菌群变化打破了植株根际土壤微生态系统中原先所存在着的微生物拮抗平衡关系，造成了猕猴桃抗性减弱而致此病发生和加重。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| 【Objective】In recent years, with the expansion of Kiwifruit cultivation areas, frequent occurrence of Kiwifruit root rot disease have increasingly affected the yield and quality of Kiwifruit which caused by many kinds of fungal communities. The objective of this study is to research fungal community structure in rhizosphere soil of Kiwifruit infected and non- infected by root rot disease, and to provide a theoretical basis for monitoring of Kiwifruit root rot diseas and green ecological control. 【Method】The rhizosphere soil samples of Kiwifruit infected and non-infected by root rot disease were collected respectively in western mountain areas of Huangyan, Taizhou city, Zhejiang province, which is the one of the largest Kiwifruit planting regional of Zhejiang province. The activities of soil enzyme and fungal community structure of rhizosphere soil of Kiwifruit were determined bytraditional and high throughput sequencing techniques. 【Result】Compared with non-infected soil, the activities of Urease, Invertase, phosephatase in rhizosphere soil of Kiwifruit infected by root rot disease were significantly inhibited, and the Chao1 indexes of fungal were decreased with significant level(P<0.05). At phylum level, the average relative abundance of some dominant fungal in rhizosphere soil of Kiwifruit infected by root rot disease were lower than those of non-infected with significant level(P<0.01), such as Basidiomycota, Fungi-unclassified and Zygomycota, while the average relative abundance of Ascomycota in rhizosphere soil of Kiwifruit infected by root rot disease were higher than those of non-infected with significant level(P<0.01). At genus level, the average relative abundance of some dominant fungal in rhizosphere soil of Kiwifruit infected by root rot disease were higher than those of non-infected with significant level(P<0.01), such as Gibberella, Nectria, Fusarium, Pseudogymnoascus and Hypocrea, while the average relative abundance of some fungal in rhizosphere soil of Kiwifruit infected by root rot disease were lower than those of non-infected with significant level(P<0.01), including Agaricomycetes-unclassified, Cladorrhinum, Trechispora, Ophiocordyceps, Acremonium, Ascobolus and Mortierella. 【Conclusion】It is conclude that in rhizosphere soils of Kiwifruit infected with root rot disease, the activities of important soil enzymes are lower. At the phylum and genus levels, great variations in the abundance of the dominant fungal have been confired. Kiwifruit root rot disease is closely related to the structure and diversity of rhizosphere fungi community, and the changes of the balance and diversity of soil fungi is the major cause of Kiwifruit root rot disease. The finding could provide some theoretical reference for controlling Kiwifruit root rot disease in Zhejiang Province. |
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