| 李超,张丹,黄国嫣,全勇,吴冬,马勉娣,程安富,张秀英,杜楠,童富琴,姚光禄,龚占斌,李云国.西南冷凉产区苹果黑星病流行规律初探及防控药剂筛选试验[J].中国南方果树,2024,53(3): |
| 西南冷凉产区苹果黑星病流行规律初探及防控药剂筛选试验 |
| Preliminary Study on the Epidemic Regularity of Apple Scab in the Cool areas of Southwest China and the Screening Test of Fungicides for Controlling the Disease |
| 投稿时间：2023-05-31 修订日期：2023-07-25 |
| DOI：10.13938/j.issn.1007-1431.20230262 |
| 中文关键词: 苹果黑星病 流行规律 西南冷凉高地 药剂筛选 |
| 英文关键词:apple scab epidemic regularity the cold highland of south-west China fungicide screening |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 以5年生瑞雪苹果为材料，调查黑星病发病规律及其同气候变化的关系；通过田间药效试验，测试了11种杀菌剂对苹果黑星病的防治效果。结果表明：苹果黑星病在西南昭通苹果产区于3月中下旬遇雨后越冬孢子开始萌发并侵染，4月底至5月初开始显症，之后随雨水增多病叶率呈指数型增长，6月底达到发病高峰，之后随雨水减少、叶片成熟而趋于稳定。选择的11种防控药剂中，20%氟唑菌酰羟胺SC、40%嘧霉胺SC、50%醚菌酯WG、40%氟硅唑EC四种药剂的防治效果最好，30%吡唑醚菌酯SC、30%氟菌唑WP、10%苯醚甲环唑WG、40%氯氟醚菌唑SC、50%氟醚菌酰胺WG防治效果中等，其余药剂防治效果较差。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Five-year-old Ruixue Apple was used to investigate the occurrence regularity of apple scab and its relationship with the climate change. The inhibitory effects of 11 fungicides on apple scab were tested through field efficacy test. The results showed that the overwintering spores of apple scab began to germinate and infect in the mid-late March in Zhaotong areas, and the primary symptom on leaves were observed at the end of April and the beginning of May, then the rate of infected leaves increased exponentially with the increase of rainfall and reached the peak at the end of June, finally became stable with the decrease of rainfall and the ripening of leaves. Among the 11 fungicides, 20% pydiflumetofen SC, 40% pyrimethanil SC, 50% kresoxim-methyl WG and 40% flusilazole EC showed the best control effects, and 30% pyraclostrobin SC, 30% triflumizole WP, 10% difenoconazole WG, 40% mefentrifluconazole SC and 50% Fluopimomide WG were moderate, but the control effects of other fungicides were poor. |
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