| 成文竞,张琴,佘为为,许太白,张微微.不同覆盖方式对桃园土壤性状及果实产量品质的影响[J].中国南方果树,2024,53(5): |
| 不同覆盖方式对桃园土壤性状及果实产量品质的影响 |
| Effects of different mulching patterns on soil properties and fruit yield and quality in peach orchard |
| 投稿时间：2023-09-11 修订日期：2023-10-15 |
| DOI：10.13938/j.issn.1007-1431.20230442 |
| 中文关键词: 枝条还田 果园覆盖 土壤肥力 土壤理化性状 相关分析 果实品质 |
| 英文关键词:branches returned to the field orchard mulching soil fertility soil physicochemical properties correlation analysis fruit quality |
| 基金项目:上海自然科学基金(编号：20ZR1439600)；上海市“科技创新行动计划”农业领域项目(编号：20392001300)；上海农林职业技术学院中青年领军人才培养计划项目（编号：A2-0265-22-17）；上海农林职业技术学院科研项目（编号：KY1-0000-18-01） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 连续2年在上海市的12年生的蟠桃果园将修剪枝条粉碎后翻埋还田，或将此措施与碎枝覆盖、果园生草或反光地布覆盖相结合，探索桃园碎枝利用及复合覆盖的适宜形式。结果表明，相对于对照，以上四种措施能使蟠桃单果重提升13.8%～35.0%，增产16.0%～36.9%，其中以碎枝覆盖结合翻埋这一综合措施的增产提质效果最佳。另一方面，连续2年的碎枝覆盖结合翻埋，使得0～30cm土层有机质、全氮、有效磷和速效钾含量比对照显著高出82.1%、52.0%、48.5%和47.7%，0～10cm土层容重比对照显著降低12.0%，0～20cm土层平均含水量比对照显著高出10.0%，且在土壤含水量偏低时的保水作用更为显著。蟠桃单果重和产量与土壤含水量、孔隙度、有机质、全氮、有效磷、速效钾含量等土壤理化指标表现出极显著或显著的正相关关系。碎枝翻埋和覆盖相结合是适宜华东地区的桃园废弃物就地利用的良好方式。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The pruned branches were crushed and buried in the field for two consecutive years in 12-year-old flat peach orchard, or this measure was combined with crushed branches mulching, orchard grass cultivation or reflective ground cloth mulching, in order to explore the appropriate form of peach orchard branch utilization and composite mulching. The results showed that compared with the control, the above four measures could increase fruit weight by 13.8%~35.0% and the yield by 16.0%~36.9%, among which the comprehensive measure of mulching combined with burying crushed branches had the best effect on increasing yield and improving quality. On the other hand, after 2 years of mulching combined with burying crushed branches, the contents of organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium in the 0~30cm soil layer were significantly higher than control by 82.1%, 52.0%, 48.5% and 47.7%, the bulk density of the 0~10cm soil layer was significantly reduced by 12.0% compared with the control, the average water content of the 0~20cm soil layer was significantly higher than control, and the water retention effect was more significant when the soil water content was low. The fruit weight and yield showed very significant or significant positive correlation with soil physical and chemical indexes such as soil water content, porosity, organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium content. The combination of burying and mulching is a good way to use peach orchard waste in East China. |
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