| 李群贞,阮科,朱礼乾,曹婷婷,凌丽俐,彭良志,淳长品.重庆高接换种春见、沃柑果园养分状况及黄化原因分析[J].中国南方果树,2024,53(5): |
| 重庆高接换种春见、沃柑果园养分状况及黄化原因分析 |
| Analysis on nutrient status and yellowing causes of top-grafted Harumi (C.reticulata × C.sinenesis) and Orah [ (C. reticulate × C. sinensis) × C. Tangerine] orchards in Chongqing |
| 投稿时间：2023-10-13 修订日期：2024-03-05 |
| DOI：10.13938/j.issn.1007-1431.20230498 |
| 中文关键词: 高换杂柑 叶片黄化 矿质营养诊断 土壤 |
| 英文关键词:top-grafted hybrid citrus leaf yellowing nutrition diagnosis soil |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划专项（2021YFD1600805）；国家现代农业（柑橘）产业技术体系建设专项（CARS–26–01A） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为了解重庆高换杂柑园土壤和树体的养分状况，找出叶片黄化的主要原因。本文采集了40个高换春见和沃柑园的土壤和叶片样品，测定了土壤pH值、有机质、10种土壤矿质元素和11种叶片矿质元素含量。结果表明：春见黄化果园土壤pH均值为8.09比正常园（6.89）显著高出17.42%；沃柑黄化果园土壤pH均值比正常园略高。春见黄化园土壤有效铁含量显著低于正常园，沃柑黄化园土壤有效铁，叶片氮、硫、铁含量均值显著低于沃柑正常园，而土壤有效钙含量均值显著高于沃柑正常园。叶片SPAD与叶片氮、铁含量显著正相关，增强回归树显示叶片铁含量对SPAD的贡献度最高为35.23%，其次为氮22.29%。总体而言，与正常园相比，高换杂柑园叶片黄化是因为土壤pH和交换性Ca较高，导致土壤有效Fe含量降低，并抑制树体对Fe的吸收，最终引起高换杂柑园出现缺Fe黄化，另外沃柑黄化园叶片N含量较低也是导致其黄化的因素之一。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to find out the key factors of leaf yellowing. In this study, we have analyzed the nutrient status of soil and trees in top-grafted Harumi (C.?reticulata × C.?sinenesis) and Orah [(C. reticulate × C. sinensis) × C. Tangerine] orchards in Chongqing. 40 soil and leaf samples were collected from Harumi and Orah orchards with normal and yellowing leaves in the main hybrid citrus producing areas of Chongqing, and the contents of soil pH, organic matter, 10 kinds of mineral elements and 11 kinds of mineral elements of leaves were determined. The results showed that the the mean value of soil pH was 8.09 in the yellowing orchard of Harumi which was significantly higher 17.42% than that of normal orchard (6.89). However, the mean value of soil pH in the yellowing orchard of Orah which was slightly higher than that of normal orchard, and the difference between them was not significant. The content of available iron in the soil of the yellowing orchard of Harumi is significantly lower than that of the normal orchards. The mean values of soil exchangeable Mg and effective Cu, leaf Mg, Fe and Zn in the yellowing orchard of Harumi were lower than the suitable range. The mean values of alkaline nitrogen, exchangeable magnesium, effective copper, boron of soils, and the calcium, magnesium, iron and zinc content of leaves were lower than the appropriate range, and the mean values effective iron of soil, and the nitrogen, sulfur, and iron of leaves were significantly lower than those of the normal orchard of Orah, while the mean values of soil exchangeable calcium were significantly higher than those of the normal orchard of Orah. Leaf SPAD values were highly significantly positively correlated with leaf nitrogen content (p<0.01) and significantly positively correlated with leaf iron content (p<0.05). In general, the leaf yellowing of hybrid citrus orchards was mainly caused by the alkaline soil, the available iron is relatively deficient and the exchangeable calcium exceeds the standardand, that lead to deficiency of iron, nitrogen and the leaf iron deficiency is the key factor. In addition, the lack of nitrogen in the orchard of Orah is one of the factors leading to its yellowing. |
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