| 刘桂婷,卢雅妮,邓艳琼,李其煊,吕梓茜,王一帆,徐国辉.2022年公布的全球蓝莓新品种及其育种趋势分析[J].中国南方果树,2025,54(1): |
| 2022年公布的全球蓝莓新品种及其育种趋势分析 |
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| 投稿时间：2023-10-21 修订日期：2023-12-13 |
| DOI：10.13938/j.issn.1007-1431.20230512 |
| 中文关键词: 蓝莓 新品种 品种特征 育种趋势 |
| 英文关键词:Blueberry New varieties Varietal characteristics Breeding trend |
| 基金项目: |
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| 摘要点击次数: 104 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 2022年由美国农业部(USDA-ARS)公布了全球96个蓝莓新品种,其中包括南高丛蓝莓37个,北高丛蓝莓30个,中间体类型3个,观赏类型5个,未知类型19个,兔眼蓝莓1个,半高丛蓝莓1个。从公布数据可以看出,南高丛和北高丛蓝莓新品种数量相对居多,观赏类型和中间体类型新品种数量较少。南高丛蓝莓新品种具有早熟、丰产、需冷量低、果实个体大、风味口感好等特性；北高丛蓝莓新品种具有果蒂痕小而干、果肉质地脆硬、树势生长旺盛、耐贮存、适合机械或手工采收等特性；中间体类型新品种具有果实大、果蒂痕小、风味口感好、枝条柔软有弹性、叶子大等特性；观赏类型蓝莓新品种具有花朵、叶片、果实颜色艳丽、色彩丰富、树冠开张、枝叶旺盛,适合作为家庭盆景和庭院苗圃景观等特性；未知类型蓝莓新品种具有需冷量低、早熟、产量高、果实个体大、果肉硬脆、风味口感好等特性。本文阐述了2022年最新公布的全球蓝莓新品种数量及其特点,同时结合近几年蓝莓育种概况分析概括了未来全球蓝莓新品种的育种趋势,以期为我国蓝莓育种工作提供科学依据。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In 2022, the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA-ARS) announced 96 new blueberry varieties in the world, including 37 new blueberry varieties in the southern highbush, 30 new blueberry varieties in the northern highbush, 3 new blueberry varieties in the intermediate type, 5 new blueberry varieties in the ornamental type, 19 new blueberry varieties in the unknown type, 1 new blueberry variety in the rabbit''s-eye blueberry, 1 new blueberry variety in the semi-highbush blueberry. From the published data, it can be seen that the number of new blueberry varieties of southern highbush and northern highbush is high, and the number of new blueberry varieties of rabbit eye and semi-highbush is the least, of which 25 new blueberry varieties have been cultivated in China, accounting for 26.04%. The new southern highbush blueberry varieties have the characteristics of ripens early, low chilling requirement, large fruit size, and good flavour and texture; while the new northern highbush blueberry varieties have the characteristics of high chilling requirement, small and dry picking scar, brittle and hard flesh texture, and storage resistance. The present paper provides a comprehensive analysis and summary of the characteristics and number of newly introduced global blueberry varieties in 2022. Additionally, it examines the recent trends in blueberry cultivation to forecast future breeding patterns for new global blueberry varieties, aiming to offer a scientific foundation for blueberry breeding in China. |
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