| 李晟之,闫凤丹,李俊,张宗勤,张朝红.有机肥替代部分化肥对葡萄生长和果实品质的影响[J].中国南方果树,2024,53(4): |
| 有机肥替代部分化肥对葡萄生长和果实品质的影响 |
| Effects of organic fertilizer replacing part of chemical fertilizer on Grape Growth and Fruit Quality |
| 投稿时间：2024-01-26 修订日期：2024-04-24 |
| DOI：10.13938/j.issn.1007-1431.20240053 |
| 中文关键词: 葡萄 有机肥 土壤改良 果实品质 |
| 英文关键词:Hutai 8 grape organic fertiliser soil improvement fruit quality |
| 基金项目:陕西省重点研发计划项目（2023-ZDLNY-23）；西安市科技计划项目（22NYYF039）。 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为减少葡萄园化肥的施用量，从而改良土壤和提高果实品质，试验以5年生户太八号葡萄为试验材料，研究1 t/666.7m2、3 t/666.7m2、5 t/666.7m2和7 t/666.7m2有机肥处理对土壤理化性质、树体生长发育及果实品质的影响。有机肥替代部分化肥与单施化肥相比可以提高土壤透气性，降低土壤pH值，改善土壤微环境。与单独施用100 kg/666.7m2硫酸钾复合肥相比，用5 t/666.7m2有机肥替代50 kg/666.7m2硫酸钾复合肥的处理土壤有机质含量、全氮、速效磷和速效钾含量分别显著提高了30.98%、16.79%、43.04%和19.08%，枝条长度、粗度及叶绿素含量分别增加11.46%、7.27%和6.45%，葡萄穗重、单粒重、硬度、可溶性固形物、可溶性糖分别提高了19.19%、8.31%、17.90%、8.49%、8.26%，可滴定酸含量降低了12.24%。综合分析认为5 t/666.7m2有机肥替代50 kg/666.7m2硫酸钾复合肥的处理效果较好，适宜在陕西地区推广应用。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to reduce the use of chemical fertilizers in vineyards, improve soil and fruit quality, the experiment used 5-year-old Hu Tai 8 grape as the experimental material to study the effects of 1 t/666.7m2, 3 t/666.7m2, 5 t/666.7m2, and 7 t/666.7m2 organic fertilizer treatments on soil physicochemical properties, tree growth and development, and fruit quality. Replacing some chemical fertilizers with organic fertilizers can improve soil permeability, lower soil pH, and improve soil microenvironment compared to applying only chemical fertilizers. Compared with the application of 100 kg/666.7m2 potassium sulfate compound fertilizer alone, the treatment of replacing 50 kg/666.7m2 potassium sulfate compound fertilizer with 5 t/666.7m2 organic fertilizer significantly increased soil organic matter content, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, and available potassium content by 30.98%, 16.79%, 43.04%, and 19.08%, respectively. Branch length, roughness, and chlorophyll content increased by 11.46%, 7.27%, and 6.45%, respectively. Grape ear weight, single grain weight, hardness, soluble solids, and soluble sugars increased by 19.19%, 8.31%, 17.90%, 8.49%, and 8.26%, respectively, while titratable acid content decreased by 12.24%. Based on comprehensive analysis, it is believed that replacing 50 kg/666.7m2 potassium sulfate compound fertilizer with 5 t/666.7m2 organic fertilizer has a better treatment effect and is suitable for promotion and application in Shaanxi region. |
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