| 程浩,李伏生,农梦玲.不同硒肥喷施时期对芒果硒含量及品质的影响[J].中国南方果树,2023,52(1): |
| 不同硒肥喷施时期对芒果硒含量及品质的影响 |
| Effects of different selenium fertilizer spraying period on selenium content and quality of mango |
| 投稿时间：2022-02-26 修订日期：2022-03-29 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: “台农一号”芒果 硒元素 品质 时期 施肥浓度 |
| 英文关键词:“Tainong No.1”Mango selenium quality period fertilizer concentration |
| 基金项目:广西特色富硒果蔬标准化生产技术研究与应用 |
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| 摘要点击次数: 1440 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 旨在通过大田试验，探讨广西“台农一号”芒果在不同生长时期叶面喷施硒肥后芒果品质的变化及果实硒的迁移转化规律，探索硒肥溶液的最佳叶面喷施时期，为广西富硒芒果生产提供参考。根据试验地芒果生长状况，划分3个硒肥溶液喷施时期，分别为花期（FL）、幼果期（YF）和膨果期（FE）。设低浓度（F0.1：0.1%硒肥溶液）、中浓度（F0.2：0.2%硒肥溶液）和高浓度（F0.4：0.4%硒肥溶液）3个硒肥喷施浓度水平，以不喷施硒肥作为对照（CK），共10个处理，每个处理设3次重复，共30株芒果树。分阶段采集叶片及果实样本，测定硒含量，并待芒果成熟后测定芒果可溶性固形物、Vc、可溶性糖和总酸度。结果显示：（1）叶面喷施硒肥溶液后，有机硒为芒果果实中硒主要存在形态，约占芒果果实总硒的95%。（2）叶面喷施硒肥溶液后芒果果实与叶片中硒含量显著上升，喷施浓度越高，含量越高，芒果不同部位在喷施硒肥溶液后硒含量表现为叶片>果皮>果肉。（3）随喷施后时间推移，在芒果花期和幼果期喷施硒肥溶液的处理果实硒含量下降，在膨果期喷施的处理果实硒含量则无显著变化。收获期时不同时期处理果实硒含量表现为膨果期>花期=幼果期。（4）不同时期下叶面喷施硒肥均有改善芒果果实品质、提升风味口感的效果。结果证明，在芒果膨果期喷施叶面硒肥更有利于芒果果实中硒积累，基于不同处理芒果硒含量和品质指标综合评价结果得到，在芒果膨果期叶面喷施0.4%硒肥溶液是生产富硒芒果的较优硒肥施用方式。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Explore the change of mango quality and the migration and transformation of selenium in fruit of "Tainong No.1" mango after spraying selenium fertilizer on the leaf in different growth stages by field experiment, so as to obtain the optimal application mode of selenium fertilizer on the leaf, and provide reference for the production of selenium-rich mango in Guangxi. According to the growth status of mango in the test site, three periods of selenium fertilizer spraying were divided, namely flowering stage (T1), young fruit stage (T2) and expandable fruit stage (T3). The fertilization time was shown in Table 1. Three selenium fertilizer spraying concentrations were set, which were high concentration (F0.4:0.4%), medium concentration (F0.2:0.2%) and low concentration (F0.1:0.1%), and no selenium fertilizer was used as control (CK). A total of 10 treatments were set up with 3 replicates for each treatment and 30 plants in total. The contents of soluble solids, soluble sugar, total acidity, Vc and selenium in mango were determined. Results show that: (1) Selenium mainly existed in the form of organic selenium in mango fruit, which accounted for about 95% of the total selenium in mango fruit and was less affected by selenium fertilizer treatment. (2) The selenium content in mango fruits and leaves increased significantly after spraying selenium fertilizer on leaves, and the higher the spraying concentration, the higher the content. The selenium enrichment ability of different parts was higher in leaf than in fruit, and the transport coefficient of selenium content from leaf to fruit ranged from 0.005 to 0.185. (3) Spraying mangoes before and during the middle period of growth, the selenium content in fruits decreased with time after spraying, while spraying mangoes twice in fruit expansion stage showed no significant change in fruit selenium content with time. The selenium content of fruits at different stages of harvest showed that spraying twice at fruit expansion stage, twice at flowering stage and once at flowering stage and fruit stage respectively. (4) Application of selenium fertilizer on lower leaf could improve mango fruit quality and taste in different periods. Based on the comprehensive evaluation results of selenium content and quality index of mango treated by different treatments, it was concluded that the optimal application mode of selenium fertilizer was spraying 250 times selenium fertilizer solution on the leaf surface twice in the fruit expansion stage. |
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